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Tax incentives and fertility in Canada: quantum vs tempo effects

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  • Daniel Parent
  • Ling Wang

Abstract

. Using inter‐jurisdictional differences in the implementation of the Family Allowance Program in Canada in the mid‐1970s, this paper first shows that Quebec families with two or more children prior to being exposed to the program responded quite strongly to the added incentives in the short run relative to women in other Canadian provinces. Tracking down the cohorts across Censuses, we find that the same group of Quebec families subsequently showed a decrease in fertility relative to the rest of Canada, leaving ultimate family size unaffected. These results are consistent with the program having generated only a timing effect. Utilisant les différences entre juridictions dans la mise en œuvre du programme d'allocations familiales au Canada au milieu des années 70, ce mémoire montre d'abord que les familles québécoises qui avaient deux enfants ou plus avant d'être exposées au programme ont répondu très fortement aux incitations additionnelles à court terme en comparaison avec ce qui s'est passé dans les autres provinces canadiennes. En suivant les cohortes à travers les recensements, on montre que ce même groupe de familles du Québec a, par la suite, subi un déclin de fécondité par rapport au reste du Canada, ce qui a eu pour effet de laisser la taille de la famille ultimement non affectée d'une manière relative. Ces résultats sont cohérents avec la conclusion que le programme a seulement eu un effet sur le profil temporel de la fécondité.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Parent & Ling Wang, 2007. "Tax incentives and fertility in Canada: quantum vs tempo effects," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(2), pages 371-400, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:40:y:2007:i:2:p:371-400
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00413.x
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    3. Shelly Lundberg & Aloysius Siow, 2017. "Canadian contributions to family economics," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 50(5), pages 1304-1323, December.
    4. Bishop Kelly C. & Mac Donald Diana E., 2022. "The Effect of Paying Parents to Adopt: Evidence from Minnesota's Foster-Care System," Working Papers 2022-01, Banco de México.
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    6. Rannveig Kaldager Hart & Taryn A. Galloway, 2023. "Universal Transfers, Tax Breaks and Fertility: Evidence from a Regional Reform in Norway," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 42(3), pages 1-32, June.
    7. Richard Crump & Gopi Shah Goda & Kevin J. Mumford, 2011. "Fertility and the Personal Exemption: Comment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(4), pages 1616-1628, June.
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    11. Rannveig Kaldager Hart & Janna Bergsvik & Agnes Fauske & Wookun Kim, 2023. "Causal Analysis of Policy Effects on Fertility," CESifo Working Paper Series 10690, CESifo.
    12. Naidoo, Jesse, 2023. "Fertility subsidies can have ambiguous effects on birth timing," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    13. Naidoo, Jesse, 2022. "Marginal Incentives for Birth Spacing," OSF Preprints q9t7u, Center for Open Science.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth

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