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Österreich 2025 – Einkommensverteilung und privater Konsum in Österreich

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  • Stefan Ederer

Abstract

Die Inlandsnachfrage entwickelte sich in Österreich seit Mitte der 1990er-Jahre weniger dynamisch als davor. Insbesondere die privaten Konsumausgaben, auf die der größte Teil der Inlandsnachfrage entfällt, nahmen nur verhalten zu. Seit der Finanzmarkt- und Wirtschaftskrise 2008/09 verstärkte sich dieses Muster weiter. Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert mögliche Ursachen dieser Nachfrageschwäche, wobei der Entwicklung der Einkommen und ihrer Verteilung als wichtigster Determinante der Konsumausgaben besonderes Gewicht zukommt. In Modellsimulationen werden die Effekte verschiedener Maßnahmen zur Stärkung des privaten Konsums auf die Einkommensverteilung, die gesamtwirtschaftliche Nachfrage und die Beschäftigung untersucht. Während eine Senkung des Eingangssteuersatzes der Lohnsteuer und eine Senkung der Arbeitnehmerbeiträge zur Sozialversicherung die Einkommensverteilung kaum beeinflussen und daher nur bedingt geeignet sind, um die private Konsumnachfrage zu stärken, hat eine Erhöhung sozialer Transferleistungen für die Haushalte im untersten Einkommensdrittel aufgrund ihrer höheren Konsumneigung merklich positivere Effekte.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefan Ederer, 2017. "Österreich 2025 – Einkommensverteilung und privater Konsum in Österreich," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 90(1), pages 67-81, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:monber:y:2017:i:1:p:67-81
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Christine Mayrhuber & Silvia Rocha-Akis & Christine Zulehner, 2014. "Verteilungseffekte einer Änderung der Abgabenbelastung geringer Erwerbseinkommen in Österreich. Ergebnisse einer Mikrosimulation," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 87(11), pages 767-781, November.
    2. Silvia Rocha-Akis, 2015. "Verteilungseffekte der Einkommensteuerreform 2015/16," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 88(5), pages 387-398, May.
    3. Engelbert Stockhammer & Özlem Onaran & Stefan Ederer, 2009. "Functional income distribution and aggregate demand in the Euro area," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 33(1), pages 139-159, January.
    4. Engelbert Stockhammer & Stefan Ederer, 2008. "Demand effects of the falling wage share in Austria," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 35(5), pages 481-502, December.
    5. Engelbert Stockhammer & Robert Stehrer, 2011. "Goodwin or Kalecki in Demand? Functional Income Distribution and Aggregate Demand in the Short Run," Review of Radical Political Economics, Union for Radical Political Economics, vol. 43(4), pages 506-522, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Christine Mayrhuber, 2020. "Konsumstruktur und Abgabenlast der Pensionshaushalte in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 67249.

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    Keywords

    Einkommensverteilung; privater Konsum;

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