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How much would reduced emigration mitigate ageing in Norway?

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  • Marianne Tønnessen
  • Astri Syse

Abstract

Population ageing is a topic of great concern in many countries. To counteract the negative effects of ageing, increased fertility or immigration are often proposed as demographic remedies. Changed emigration is, however, rarely mentioned. We explore whether reduced emigration could mitigate ageing in a country like Norway. Using cohort-component methods, we create hypothetical future demographic scenarios with lower emigration rates, and we present (prospective) old-age dependency ratios, population growth and shares of immigrants. We also estimate howmuch fertility and immigrationwould have to change to yield the same effects. In different scenarios, emigration is reduced for the total population and for subgroups, while also taking into account that reduced emigration of natives will entail reduced return migration. Our results show that even a dramatic 50% decrease in annual emigration would mitigate ageing only slightly, by lowering the old-age dependency ratio in 2060 from 0.54 to 0.52. This corresponds to the anti-ageing effect of 15% higher fertility, or one-quarter extra child per woman.

Suggested Citation

  • Marianne Tønnessen & Astri Syse, 2023. "How much would reduced emigration mitigate ageing in Norway?," Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, vol. 21(1), pages 211-243.
    • Handle: RePEc:vid:yearbk:v:21:y:2023:i:1:oid:0x003e2241
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    1. Juha Alho, 2008. "Migration, fertility, and aging in stable populations," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 45(3), pages 641-650, August.
    2. Jonas Wood & Karel Neels & Jorik Vergauwen, 2016. "Economic and Institutional Context and Second Births in Seven European Countries," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 35(3), pages 305-325, June.
    3. Michaela Potančoková & Marcin Stonawski & Nicholas Gailey, 2021. "Migration and demographic disparities in macro-regions of the European Union, a view to 2060," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 45(44), pages 1317-1354.
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