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The Power of Mandatory Quality Disclosure: Evidence from the German Housing Market

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  • Manuel Frondel
  • Andreas Gerster
  • Colin Vance

Abstract

Numerous countries have introduced energy performance certificates to mitigate the information asymmetry with respect to the thermal quality of houses. Motivated by a stylized theoretical model and drawing on comprehensive data on real estate advertisements in the German housing market, this paper investigates the causal effect of disclosing energy information on the asking prices of houses. Employing within-variation from panel data, augmented by an instrumental variable approach to isolate effects among policy compliers, our analysis demonstrates the power of mandatory disclosure rules to increase market transparency and to align prices with the energy performance of the house. Among our key results, we find that house owners reduce offer prices in response to the disclosure of energy efficiency information. Furthermore, this effect is particularly pronounced for owners who would not disclose in the absence of the mandatory disclosure policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Manuel Frondel & Andreas Gerster & Colin Vance, 2020. "The Power of Mandatory Quality Disclosure: Evidence from the German Housing Market," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 7(1), pages 181-208.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jaerec:doi:10.1086/705786
    DOI: 10.1086/705786
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    Cited by:

    1. Taruttis, Lisa & Weber, Christoph, 2022. "Estimating the impact of energy efficiency on housing prices in Germany: Does regional disparity matter?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    2. Mark A. Andor & David H. Bernstein & Stephan Sommer, 2021. "Determining the efficiency of residential electricity consumption," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 60(6), pages 2897-2923, June.
    3. Bian, Xueying & Fabra, Natalia, 2020. "Incentives for information provision: Energy efficiency in the Spanish rental market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    4. Benndorf, Volker & Kübler, Dorothea & Normann, Hans-Theo, 2022. "Behavioral forces driving information unraveling," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Market Behavior SP II 2022-206, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    5. Xun Fan & Mengdi Liu & Bing Zhang & Weicheng Zhang, 2024. "The Green Premium: Environmental Regulation, Environmental Risk and Property Value," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 87(5), pages 1061-1096, May.
    6. Taruttis, Lisa & Weber, Christoph, 2020. "Estimating the impact of energy efficiency on housing prices in Germany: Does regional disparity matter?," VfS Annual Conference 2020 (Virtual Conference): Gender Economics 224582, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    7. Singhal, Puja & Pahle, Michael & Kalkuhl, Matthias & Levesque, Antoine & Sommer, Stephan & Berneiser, Jessica, 2022. "Beyond good faith: Why evidence-based policy is necessary to decarbonize buildings cost-effectively in Germany," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    8. Erica Myers & Steven L. Puller & Jeremy D. West, 2019. "Effects of Mandatory Energy Efficiency Disclosure in Housing Markets," NBER Working Papers 26436, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Giraudet, Louis-Gaëtan, 2020. "Energy efficiency as a credence good: A review of informational barriers to energy savings in the building sector," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    10. Erica Myers & Steven L. Puller & Jeremy West, 2022. "Mandatory Energy Efficiency Disclosure in Housing Markets," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 14(4), pages 453-487, November.
    11. James Carroll & Eleanor Denny & Ronan C. Lyons, 2020. "Better energy cost information changes household property investment decisions: Evidence from a nationwide experiment," Trinity Economics Papers tep1520, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics.
    12. Huse, Cristian & Lucinda, Claudio & Cardoso, Andre Ribeiro, 2020. "Consumer response to energy label policies: Evidence from the Brazilian energy label program," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    13. Bishop, Kelly C. & Kiribrahim-Sarikaya, Ozgen, 2024. "Energy-efficient investments in housing," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    14. Louis-Gaëtan Giraudet, 2018. "Energy efficiency as a credence good: A review of informational barriers to building energy savings," Working Papers 2018.07, FAERE - French Association of Environmental and Resource Economists.
    15. Lisa Taruttis & Christoph Weber, 2020. "Estimating the impact of energy efficiency on housing prices in Germany: Does regional disparity matter?," EWL Working Papers 2004, University of Duisburg-Essen, Chair for Management Science and Energy Economics.
    16. Fanghella, Valeria & Guetlein, Marie-Charlotte & Schleich, Joachim & Sebi, Carine, 2023. "Preferences on financing mechanisms for thermal retrofit measures in multi-owner buildings: A discrete choice experiment with landlords and owner-occupiers in France," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    17. Breidenbach Philipp & Eilers Lea, 2018. "RWI-GEO-GRID: Socio-economic data on grid level," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 238(6), pages 609-616, October.
    18. Frondel, Manuel & Kaestner, Kathrin & Sommer, Stephan & Vance, Colin, 2021. "Photovoltaics and the Solar Rebound: Evidence for Germany," VfS Annual Conference 2021 (Virtual Conference): Climate Economics 242356, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    19. Luisa Dressler & Elisabetta Cornago, 2017. "The Rent Impact of Disclosing Energy Performance Certificates: Energy Efficiency and Information Effects," Working Papers ECARES ECARES 2017-16, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    20. Benndorf, Volker & Kübler, Dorothea & Normann, Hans-Theo, 2023. "Behavioral forces driving information unraveling," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Market Behavior SP II 2023-207, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    21. Frondel, Manuel & Kaestner, Kathrin & Sommer, Stephan & Vance, Colin, 2022. "Photovoltaics and the solar rebound: Evidence for Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 954, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    22. Ter Steege, Lucas & Vogel, Edgar, 2021. "German residential real estate valuation under NGFS climate scenarios," Technical Papers 09/2021, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    23. Tom Lane & Minghai Zhou, 2022. "Failure of unravelling theory? A natural field experiment on voluntary quality disclosure," Discussion Papers 2022-17, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D82 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Asymmetric and Private Information; Mechanism Design
    • L15 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Information and Product Quality
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy

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