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A revised list of independent states since the congress of Vienna

Author

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  • Kristian S. Gleditsch
  • Michael D. Ward

Abstract

We examine the criteria for membership in the international system as applied in the widely employed system membership list maintained by the Correlates of War Project. Some problems with existing classifications are illustrated and some analytical and empirical consequences of these problems are detailed. Using updated criteria and information, we develop a revised and updated list of the composition of the international system of nation state actors in world politics from the Congress of Vienna to the present.

Suggested Citation

  • Kristian S. Gleditsch & Michael D. Ward, 1999. "A revised list of independent states since the congress of Vienna," International Interactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(4), pages 393-413, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:ginixx:v:25:y:1999:i:4:p:393-413
    DOI: 10.1080/03050629908434958
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    Cited by:

    1. Kristian Skrede Gleditsch, 2002. "Expanded Trade and GDP Data," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 46(5), pages 712-724, October.
    2. Kamil Christoph Klosek & Vojtěch Bahenský & Michal Smetana & Jan Ludvík, 2021. "Frozen conflicts in world politics: A new dataset," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 58(4), pages 849-858, July.
    3. Stuart A. Bremer & Faten Ghosn, 2003. "Defining States: Reconsiderations and Recommendations," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 20(1), pages 21-41, February.
    4. Martin Gassebner & Jerg Gutmann & Stefan Voigt, 2016. "When to expect a coup d’état? An extreme bounds analysis of coup determinants," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 169(3), pages 293-313, December.
    5. Päivi Lujala & Jan Ketil Rod & Nadja Thieme, 2007. "Fighting over Oil: Introducing a New Dataset," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 24(3), pages 239-256, July.
    6. Hilde Ravlo & Nils Petter Gleditsch & Han Dorussen, 2003. "Colonial War and the Democratic Peace," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 47(4), pages 520-548, August.
    7. Paul Lorenzo Johnson & Ches Thurber, 2020. "The Security-Force Ethnicity (SFE) Project: Introducing a new dataset," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 37(1), pages 106-129, January.
    8. J. Joseph Hewitt, 2003. "Dyadic Processes and International Crises," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 47(5), pages 669-692, October.
    9. World Bank & Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2017. "A Step Ahead," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 27527.
    10. Kristian Skrede Gleditsch & Steve Pickering, 2014. "Wars are becoming less frequent: a response to Harrison and Wolf," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 67(1), pages 214-230, February.
    11. Douglas Lemke & William Reed, 2001. "The Relevance of Politically Relevant Dyads," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 45(1), pages 126-144, February.
    12. Jo Reynaerts & Jakob Vanschoonbeek, 2022. "The economics of state fragmentation: Assessing the economic impact of secession," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 37(1), pages 82-115, January.
    13. Andrew Shaver & David B. Carter & Tsering Wangyal Shawa, 2019. "Terrain ruggedness and land cover: Improved data for most research designs," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 36(2), pages 191-218, March.
    14. Agustín Goenaga & Oriol Sabaté & Jan Teorell, 2023. "The state does not live by warfare alone: War and revenue in the long nineteenth century," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 393-418, April.
    15. Marit Brochmann & Jan Ketil Rød & Nils Petter Gleditsch, 2012. "International Borders and Conflict Revisited," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 29(2), pages 170-194, April.
    16. Oguzhan Turkoglu, 2022. "Supporting rebels and hosting refugees: Explaining the variation in refugee flows in civil conflicts," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 59(2), pages 136-149, March.
    17. Guy Schvitz & Luc Girardin & Seraina Rüegger & Nils B. Weidmann & Lars-Erik Cederman & Kristian Skrede Gleditsch, 2022. "Mapping the International System, 1886-2019: The CShapes 2.0 Dataset," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 66(1), pages 144-161, January.
    18. Elisabeth Gilmore & Nils Petter Gleditsch & Päivi Lujala & Jan Ketil Rod, 2005. "Conflict Diamonds: A New Dataset," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 22(3), pages 257-272, July.
    19. Päivi Lujala & Nils Petter Gleditsch & Elisabeth Gilmore, 2005. "A Diamond Curse?," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 49(4), pages 538-562, August.
    20. Goertz, Gary & Powers, Kathy, 2014. "Regional governance: The evolution of a new institutional form," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Global Governance SP IV 2014-106, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.

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