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Legitimacy of Informal Strategic Urban Planning-Observations from Finland, Sweden and Norway

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  • Raine Mäntysalo
  • Karoliina Jarenko
  • Kristina L. Nilsson
  • Inger-Lise Saglie

Abstract

In Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian cities and urban regions, strategic approaches in urban planning have been developed by introducing different kinds of informal strategic plans. The means of improving the strategic quality of urban and regional planning have thus been searched from outside the statutory land use planning system, determined by the national planning laws. Similar development has also taken place elsewhere. When strategic plans are prepared outside the statutory planning system, these processes also lack the legal guarantee for openness, fairness and accountability. This is a serious legitimacy problem. In this article, the problem is examined theoretically and conceptually by combining democracy- and governance-theoretical perspectives. With this framework, four different approaches to legitimacy are derived: accountability, inclusiveness, liberty and fairness. The article concludes that strategic urban planning must find a balance between the four approaches to legitimacy. Concerning political processes, this requires agonistic acknowledgement of different democracy models, excluding neither deliberative nor liberalist arguments. Concerning administrative processes, it requires acknowledgement of the interdependence of statutory and informal planning instruments and the necessity of developing planning methods for their mutual complementarity-thus avoiding the detachment of informal strategic planning into a parallel planning "system" .

Suggested Citation

  • Raine Mäntysalo & Karoliina Jarenko & Kristina L. Nilsson & Inger-Lise Saglie, 2015. "Legitimacy of Informal Strategic Urban Planning-Observations from Finland, Sweden and Norway," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(2), pages 349-366, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:349-366
    DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.861808
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Brueckner, Jan K., 2011. "Lectures on Urban Economics," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262016362, April.
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    1. Högström, Johan & Balfors, Berit & Hammer, Monica, 2019. "The role of small-scale planning projects in urban development: A case study in the metropolitan Stockholm region, Sweden," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 294-304.
    2. Antti Kurvinen & Arto Saari, 2020. "Urban Housing Density and Infrastructure Costs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-24, January.
    3. Legacy, Crystal & Stone, John, 2019. "Consensus planning in transport: The case of Vancouver’s transportation plebiscite," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 295-305.
    4. Johan Högström & Peter Brokking & Berit Balfors & Monica Hammer, 2021. "Approaching Sustainability in Local Spatial Planning Processes: A Case Study in the Stockholm Region, Sweden," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-19, March.
    5. Mishra Ankit, 2019. "The Process of Informal Spatial Planning: A Literature Overview," Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management, Sciendo, vol. 7(1), pages 216-227, January.
    6. Kristian Olesen & Helen Carter, 2018. "Planning as a barrier for growth: Analysing storylines on the reform of the Danish Planning Act," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 36(4), pages 689-707, June.

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