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Innovation in service internationalization: the crucial role of the frantrepreneur

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  • Jon Sundbo
  • Robert Johnston
  • Jan Mattsson
  • Bruce Millett

Abstract

This paper introduces the concept of a new entrepreneurial role in services that we call the frantrepreneur. This is based on two case studies of the internationalization of two US franchisors, one in temporary services (Sweden) and the other in computer training (Australia). The frantrepreneur is defined as a franchisee who innovates by adapting a standard service concept to meet local conditions. This role is a further refinement of a series of earlier concepts concerning entrepreneurship roles such as the intrapreneur. This paper provides an indepth evaluation of the roles adopted by the frantrepreneurs and how they changed the original service concept. They did not passively accept the standard service concept and they developed an unusual partnership role with their franchisors with a two-way influence over the business. Although the innovations of frantrepreneurs were mostly in the form of small and incremental changes they standardized their developments to facilitate further adoption. The frantrepreneurs appear to play an important role in smoothing the adaptation and adoption of innovation in the internationalization of a franchise operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jon Sundbo & Robert Johnston & Jan Mattsson & Bruce Millett, 2001. "Innovation in service internationalization: the crucial role of the frantrepreneur," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(3), pages 247-267, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:entreg:v:13:y:2001:i:3:p:247-267
    DOI: 10.1080/08985620010029271
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Johan Hauknes, "undated". "Innovation in the Service Economy," STEP Report series 199607, The STEP Group, Studies in technology, innovation and economic policy.
    2. Faridah Djellal & Faïz Gallouj, 1998. "Innovation in service industries in France: results of a postal survey," Working Papers hal-01111909, HAL.
    3. Johan Hauknes, "undated". "Services in Innovation – Innovation in Services," STEP Report series 199813, The STEP Group, Studies in technology, innovation and economic policy.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hjalager, Anne-Mette, 2010. "A review of innovation research in tourism," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 1-12.
    2. Ongkittikul, Sumet & Geerlings, Harry, 2006. "Opportunities for innovation in public transport: Effects of regulatory reforms on innovative capabilities," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 283-293, July.
    3. Cadar, Otilia & Badulescu, Daniel, 2015. "Entrepreneur, Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship. A Literature Review," MPRA Paper 78871, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Kristie W. Seawright & Isaac H. Smith & Ronald K. Mitchell & Richard McClendon, 2013. "Exploring Entrepreneurial Cognition in Franchisees: A Knowledge–Structure Approach," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 37(2), pages 201-227, March.
    5. Snyder, Hannah & Witell, Lars & Gustafsson, Anders & Fombelle, Paul & Kristensson, Per, 2016. "Identifying categories of service innovation: A review and synthesis of the literature," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(7), pages 2401-2408.
    6. Peter Björk, 2014. "The DNA of Tourism Service Innovation: A Quadruple Helix Approach," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 5(1), pages 181-202, March.
    7. Otilia Cadar & Daniel Badulescu, 2015. "Entrepreneur, Entrepreneurship And Intrapreneurship. A," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1(2), pages 658-664, December.
    8. Nelson Andrade-Valbuena & Hugo Baier-Fuentes & Magaly Gaviria-Marin, 2022. "An Overview of Sustainable Entrepreneurship in Tourism, Destination, and Hospitality Research Based on the Web of Science," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-26, November.
    9. Petra Gyurácz-Németh & Nóra Friedrich & Alan Clarke, 2013. "Innovation in Special Hotels as a Key to Success," Active Citizenship by Knowledge Management & Innovation: Proceedings of the Management, Knowledge and Learning International Conference 2013,, ToKnowPress.
    10. Jon Sundbo, 2013. "Public–private innovation networks in services: the crucial role of entrepreneurial fit," Chapters, in: Faïz Gallouj & Luis Rubalcaba & Paul Windrum (ed.), Public–Private Innovation Networks in Services, chapter 14, pages 349-383, Edward Elgar Publishing.

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