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Time Charters with Purchase Options in Shipping: Valuation and Risk Management

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  • Peter Løchte Jørgensen
  • Domenico De Giovanni

Abstract

The article studies the valuation and optimal management of Time Charters with Purchase Options (T/C-POPs), which is a specific type of asset lease with embedded options that is common in shipping markets. T/C-POPs are economically significant and sometimes account for more than half of the stock market value of listed shipping companies. The main source of risk in markets for maritime transportation is the freight rate, and we therefore specify a single-factor continuous time model for the dynamic evolution of freight rates that allows us to price a wide variety of freight rate-related derivatives including various forms of T/C-POPs using contingent claims valuation techniques. Our model allows for the derivation of closed valuation formulas for some simple freight rate derivatives, whereas the more complex ones are analysed using numerical (finite difference) procedures. We accompany our theoretical results with illustrative numerical examples as we proceed.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Løchte Jørgensen & Domenico De Giovanni, 2010. "Time Charters with Purchase Options in Shipping: Valuation and Risk Management," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(5), pages 399-430.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apmtfi:v:17:y:2010:i:5:p:399-430
    DOI: 10.1080/13504860903388008
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    Cited by:

    1. Alexandridis, George & Kavussanos, Manolis G. & Kim, Chi Y. & Tsouknidis, Dimitris A. & Visvikis, Ilias D., 2018. "A survey of shipping finance research: Setting the future research agenda," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 164-212.
    2. Tvedt, Jostein, 2019. "Transport services and the valuation of flexibility over business cycles," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 517-528.
    3. Fred Espen Benth & Steen Koekebakker, 2016. "Stochastic modeling of Supramax spot and forward freight rates," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 18(4), pages 391-413, December.
    4. Ioannis Kyriakou & Panos K. Pouliasis & Nikos C. Papapostolou & Nikos K. Nomikos, 2018. "Income uncertainty and the decision to invest in bulk shipping," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 24(3), pages 387-417, June.
    5. Adland, Roar & Prochazka, Vit, 2021. "The value of timecharter optionality in the drybulk market," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    6. Rau, Philipp & Spinler, Stefan, 2016. "Investment into container shipping capacity: A real options approach in oligopolistic competition," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 130-147.
    7. Ahmed Al sharif & Ruwen Qin, 2015. "Double-sided price adjustment flexibility with a preemptive right to exercise," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 226(1), pages 29-50, March.

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