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Die Bedeutung von Mieteinkommen und Immobilien für die Ungleichheit in Deutschland

Author

Listed:
  • Charlotte Bartels

    (DIW Berlin)

  • Carsten Schröder

    (DIW Berlin)

Abstract

Zusammenfassung Immobilien haben an Bedeutung für die Einkommensungleichheit in Deutschland gewonnen. Der Anteil von Haushalten mit Einkommen aus Vermietung und Verpachtung hat zwischen 2002 und 2017 zugenommen. Mieteinkommen erklären einen wachsenden Anteil der Einkommensungleichheit in Deutschland. Veränderungen der Vermögensungleichheit werden hauptsächlich durch Kapitalgewinne aus Wohnungs- und Aktienkursen sowie durch unterschiedliche Sparquoten verursacht. Steigende Hauspreise verringern tendenziell die Vermögensungleichheit, während steigende Aktienpreise die Vermögensungleichheit vergrößern. In den 2010er Jahren hat der Anteil des Wohneigentums in den deutschen Bundesländern und über die verschiedenen Regionen hinweg zugenommen, insbesondere in städtischen Gebieten und größeren Kommunen. Somit profitierte ein steigender Anteil der deutschen Haushalte von steigenden Hauspreisen, und die Vermögensungleichheit hat sich zwischen 2002 und 2017 nicht wesentlich verändert. Wir dokumentieren erhebliche Unterschiede in Wohneigentum und -vermögen zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland. Während in Westdeutschland 2017 etwa die Hälfte aller Haushalte in Immobilien investiert ist, liegt dieser Anteil in Ostdeutschland unter 40%. Im Jahr 2017 weisen die Haushalte in Bayern und Hamburg mit durchschnittlich mehr als 350.000 Euro das höchste Nettoimmobilienvermögen auf. In den ostdeutschen Bundesländern liegt das durchschnittliche Nettoimmobilienvermögen zwischen 100.000 und 150.000 Euro. Von 2012 bis 2017 ist das durchschnittliche Nettoimmobilienvermögen vor allem in großen Kommunen, Gemeinden und städtischen Regionen recht stark gestiegen. Das Betriebsvermögen erklärt mehr als die Hälfte der gesamten Nettovermögensungleichheit in Deutschland, gefolgt vom Nettoimmobilienvermögen.

Suggested Citation

  • Charlotte Bartels & Carsten Schröder, 2020. "Die Bedeutung von Mieteinkommen und Immobilien für die Ungleichheit in Deutschland," Wirtschaftsdienst, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 100(10), pages 741-746, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:wirtsc:v:100:y:2020:i:10:d:10.1007_s10273-020-2756-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s10273-020-2756-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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