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A Comparative Analysis of Rainwater Harvesting System and Conventional Sources of Water

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  • Abdul Salam Khan

    (National University of Sciences and Technology)

Abstract

Rainwater harvesting systems have been studied in different regions considering their performance, design, and life cycle analysis. However, their performance has not been compared with conventional water sources. The novelty of this study rests in examining the performance and potency of the rainwater harvesting system and the conventional sources of water for potable and non-potable demand. This study has two-fold objectives. Firstly, the challenges and sufficiency of existing water sources for potable and non-potable demand are examined by considering the water gallon delivery at the doorstep, government supply line, tanker-based supply, and extraction of water through bore wells. Secondly, the cost-effectiveness of several water sources is examined using four models. Each model combines water sources for potable and non-potable demand. A comparison is drawn between the cost-effectiveness of current practices and the rainwater harvesting system. The findings suggest that the rainwater harvesting system is more cost-effective than conventional water sources; however, it needs to be coupled with the government supply line to meet the non-potable water demand. On average, five other houses can be covered by the rainwater harvesting system. Implications are drawn to help governments and practitioners consider sustainable social well-being actions and promote rain harvesting through rebates.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdul Salam Khan, 2023. "A Comparative Analysis of Rainwater Harvesting System and Conventional Sources of Water," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(5), pages 2083-2106, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:37:y:2023:i:5:d:10.1007_s11269-023-03479-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-023-03479-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mokhtar Guizani, 2016. "Storm Water Harvesting in Saudi Arabia: a Multipurpose Water Management Alternative," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(5), pages 1819-1833, March.
    2. Nagarajan Shanmugavel & Rema Rajendran, 2022. "Adoption of Rainwater Harvesting: a Dual-factor Approach by Integrating Theory of Planned Behaviour and Norm Activation Model," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 36(8), pages 2827-2845, June.
    3. Okoye, Chiemeka Onyeka & Solyalı, Oğuz & Akıntuğ, Bertuğ, 2015. "Optimal sizing of storage tanks in domestic rainwater harvesting systems: A linear programming approach," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 104(PA), pages 131-140.
    4. Mokhtar Guizani, 2016. "Storm Water Harvesting in Saudi Arabia: a Multipurpose Water Management Alternative," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(5), pages 1819-1833, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Katarzyna Wartalska & Martyna Grzegorzek & Maciej Bełcik & Marcin Wdowikowski & Agnieszka Kolanek & Elżbieta Niemierka & Piotr Jadwiszczak & Bartosz Kaźmierczak, 2024. "The Potential of RainWater Harvesting Systems in Europe – Current State of Art and Future Perspectives," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 38(12), pages 4657-4683, September.

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