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Water Savings Efficiency of Counterweighted Spheres Covering a Plain Reservoir in an Arid Area

Author

Listed:
  • Ke-Wu Han

    (Xinjiang Agricultural University)

  • Ke-Bin Shi

    (Xinjiang Agricultural University)

  • Xin-Jun Yan

    (Xinjiang Agricultural University)

  • Yang-Yu Cheng

    (Xinjiang Agricultural University)

Abstract

Plain reservoirs in arid areas typically have long dams, large water areas and shallow water depths. Considerable evaporation loss occurs from these reservoirs. To suppress evaporation, this work adopts counterweighted HDPE spheres with diameters of 100 mm as plain reservoir anti-evaporation materials. The main purpose of this work is to study the factors that influence evaporative loss from a water surface covered by spheres and the annual water savings efficiency of the spheres. In this work, pans A and B, with areas of 1 m2 (pan A was completely covered by spheres, and pan B was uncovered), were selected to study the effects of microclimate changes on evaporation from openings among the spheres. The water temperature difference at different depths in pan A was significant, and there were significant differences in the temperature of the water surface, the air temperature near the water surface, and the relative humidity in the two pans. The factors affecting the wetted area of spheres were studied using spheres of different areas covering the reservoir. In this study, the annual water savings efficiency of the counterweighted spheres per unit area coverage was obtained by developing an evaporation calculation model. The results showed that when the coverage area of the counterweighted spheres increased from 1 m2 to 4 m2, the annual water savings efficiency per unit area increased from 69.71% to 75.42%. An economic analysis was performed to assess the viability of spheres under the current conditions of water pricing and in the given ecological context in Xinjiang.

Suggested Citation

  • Ke-Wu Han & Ke-Bin Shi & Xin-Jun Yan & Yang-Yu Cheng, 2019. "Water Savings Efficiency of Counterweighted Spheres Covering a Plain Reservoir in an Arid Area," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 33(5), pages 1867-1880, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:33:y:2019:i:5:d:10.1007_s11269-019-02214-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-019-02214-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barnes, G.T., 2008. "The potential for monolayers to reduce the evaporation of water from large water storages," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(4), pages 339-353, April.
    2. Lazar Segal & Leonid Burstein, 2010. "Retardation of Water Evaporation by a Protective Float," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(1), pages 129-137, January.
    3. Maestre-Valero, J.F. & Martínez-Alvarez, V. & Gallego-Elvira, B. & Pittaway, P., 2011. "Effects of a suspended shade cloth cover on water quality of an agricultural reservoir for irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 100(1), pages 70-75.
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    Cited by:

    1. Han, Ke-Wu & Shi, Ke-Bin & Yan, Xin-Jun, 2020. "Evaporation loss and energy balance of agricultural reservoirs covered with counterweighted spheres in arid region," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
    2. Han, Ke-Wu & Shi, Ke-Bin & Yan, Xin-Jun & Ouyang, Jun & Lei, Peng & Hao, Guo-Chen, 2022. "Comparison of evaporation estimation methods for water surface under floating coverage in arid areas," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    3. López-Felices, Belén & Aznar-Sánchez, Jose A. & Velasco-Muñoz, Juan F. & Mesa-Vázquez, Ernesto, 2023. "Examining the perceptions and behaviours of farmers regarding the installation of covers over irrigation ponds: Evidence from South-east Spain," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    4. Hao, Guochen & Han, Kewu & Shi, Kebin, 2023. "Effect of floating balls on evaporation inhibition, surface energy balance and biological water quality parameters at different coverage fractions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).

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