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Water Scarcity in Vietnam: a Point of View on Virtual Water Perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Thuy Thi Ngo

    (Korea University)

  • Nghia Tuan Le

    (Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change)

  • Tuyen Minh Hoang

    (Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change)

  • Dung Huu Luong

    (Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change)

Abstract

This paper quantifies water consumption of Vietnam in agricultural products on virtual water perspective. The calculation of water footprint and virtual water in four major agricultural crops is first implemented for seven regions of the country. The domestic and international trades of virtual water are subsequently investigated to demonstrate the commodity and virtual water flows among regions. The analysis reveals that Mekong River Delta is an important exporter of virtual water in rice product for both domestic and international trades while Central Highland is the main virtual exporter in coffee. The paper also proposes a new water stress index such that it considers both direct and indirect water use given transboundary water resources. The proposed water stress index indicates the actual water scarcity in Vietnam in which the water-rich regions i.e. Red River Delta and Mekong River Delta are in severe water stress.

Suggested Citation

  • Thuy Thi Ngo & Nghia Tuan Le & Tuyen Minh Hoang & Dung Huu Luong, 2018. "Water Scarcity in Vietnam: a Point of View on Virtual Water Perspective," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(11), pages 3579-3593, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:32:y:2018:i:11:d:10.1007_s11269-018-2007-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-018-2007-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Rui Shu & Xinchun Cao & Mengyang Wu, 2021. "Clarifying Regional Water Scarcity in Agriculture based on the Theory of Blue, Green and Grey Water Footprints," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(3), pages 1101-1118, February.
    2. Tran Dang Khanh & Vu Xuan Duong & Phi Cong Nguyen & Tran Dang Xuan & Nguyen Thanh Trung & Khuat Huu Trung & Dong Huy Gioi & Nguyen Huy Hoang & Hoang-Dung Tran & Do Minh Trung & Bui Thi Thu Huong, 2021. "Rice Breeding in Vietnam: Retrospects, Challenges and Prospects," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Cao, Xinchun & Li, Yueyao & Wu, Mengyang, 2022. "Irrigation water use and efficiency assessment coupling crop cultivation, commutation and consumption processes," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    4. Shen, Jinlong & Zhao, Yekun & Song, Jianfeng, 2022. "Analysis of the regional differences in agricultural water poverty in China: Based on a new agricultural water poverty index," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).

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