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New Insights Into The Natural Variability of Water Resources in The Lower Jordan River Basin

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  • Anne Gunkel
  • Jens Lange

Abstract

Water availability is naturally low in the Lower Jordan River Basin (LJRB) extending from Lake Tiberias to the Dead Sea, whereas water demand is high. Still, no basin-wide overview of naturally available surface water resources exists up to now. The aim of this study is to estimate these water resources through application of the TRAIN-ZIN model. This hydrological model combines physically-based and conceptual approaches to incorporate dominant processes of (semi-)arid areas in adequate temporal and spatial scale. An adequate space-time resolution is achieved by using rainfall radar data as model input. Three rainfall seasons are simulated: a drought, an average season and a wet extreme. Simulation results emphasize the non-linear behaviour of (semi-)arid systems and resulting impacts on the spatial and temporal variability of water resources. Basin averages of seasonal water balance components ranged between 65 and 489 mm (rainfall), 53 and 270 mm (evapotranspiration), 7 and 87 mm (overland flow), 4 and 129 mm (percolation). However, all values comprise enormous spatial variability. It is concluded that space-time variability must be considered for water resources assessment in the LJRB in order to make accurate predictions of future water availability. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • Anne Gunkel & Jens Lange, 2012. "New Insights Into The Natural Variability of Water Resources in The Lower Jordan River Basin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(4), pages 963-980, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:26:y:2012:i:4:p:963-980
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-011-9903-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Molle, Francois, 2006. "Dealing with closed basins: The case of the Lower Jordan River Basin," Conference Papers h039840, International Water Management Institute.
    2. Nassim Al-Abed & Munjed Al-Sharif, 2008. "Hydrological Modeling of Zarqa River Basin – Jordan Using the Hydrological Simulation Program – FORTRAN (HSPF) Model," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 22(9), pages 1203-1220, September.
    3. Jason Evans, 2009. "21st century climate change in the Middle East," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 92(3), pages 417-432, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wouter Buytaert & Jan Friesen & Jens Liebe & Ralf Ludwig, 2012. "Assessment and Management of Water Resources in Developing, Semi-arid and Arid Regions," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(4), pages 841-844, March.
    2. Christiana Peppard, 2013. "Troubling waters: the Jordan River between religious imagination and environmental degradation," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 3(2), pages 109-119, June.

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