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Water and Sediment Quality in Lakes along the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, China

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  • Jinglu Wu
  • Haiao Zeng
  • Hong Yu
  • Long Ma
  • Longsheng Xu
  • Boqiang Qin

Abstract

Water and sediment samples were collected from 45 lakes along the middle-lower Yangtze River, China. Each lake was sampled seasonally, over a period of one year. Water quality variables and metals in sediments were measured. Lakes along the lowest part of the river, within the Yangtze River Delta, had highest nutrient concentrations and were eutrophic or hypereutrophic. Lakes displayed a gradient in many water chemistry variables, from the middle to the lower Yangtze River. Lakes of the Delta region had the highest conductivity, sulfate, turbidity, and Chl-a values, and the lowest dissolved oxygen concentrations. A number of lakes near urban areas in the study region also displayed similar conditions. Lakes polluted by heavy metals were found in the upper part of the lower Yangtze River and had high Cu, Cr, and Co concentrations in sediments. The mean I geo (index of geoaccumulation) values for Cu, Cr, and Co classes ranged from 0 to 4, indicating moderate to heavy contamination, contributed mainly from untreated industrial waste water produced within the lake catchments. Lakes of the middle Yangtze River are generally in relatively better condition, except for those around urban zones, which experience higher nutrient and heavy metal loading. The spatial distribution of lake conditions in the area can be related to the policy of regional economic development. The Delta region in China is developed and includes such cities as Shanghai and Suzhou. Heavy industries have moved into the interior region of China too, and development of modern cities is now occurring under some level of environmental protection. Nevertheless, lakes in the central part are becoming seriously polluted with both heavy metals and nutrients because local authorities promote industrialization and urbanization to improve economic conditions, while often ignoring environmental protection. Pollution is increasingly occurring in upstream reaches, a tendency that will bring more environmental problems. Interior lakes of China require immediate attention to prevent further declines in water quality. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • Jinglu Wu & Haiao Zeng & Hong Yu & Long Ma & Longsheng Xu & Boqiang Qin, 2012. "Water and Sediment Quality in Lakes along the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, China," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(12), pages 3601-3618, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:26:y:2012:i:12:p:3601-3618
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-012-0093-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fei Guo & Jingjia Zhang & A-xing Zhu & Zhuo Zhang & Hong Zhang, 2021. "An Assimilation Simulation Approach for the Suspended Sediment Concentration in Inland Lakes Using a Hybrid Perturbation Generation Method," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(6), pages 2007-2022, April.
    2. Hongwu Tang & Hao Cao & Saiyu Yuan & Yang Xiao & Chenyu Jiang & Carlo Gualtieri, 2020. "A Numerical Study of Hydrodynamic Processes and Flood Mitigation in a Large River-lake System," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(12), pages 3739-3760, September.
    3. Lilian Ding & Qiyao Li & Jianjun Tang & Jiangfei Wang & Xin Chen, 2019. "Linking Land Use Metrics Measured in Aquatic–Terrestrial Interfaces to Water Quality of Reservoir-Based Water Sources in Eastern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-17, September.
    4. Yuanmei Jiao & Zhiqin Zha & Qiue Xu, 2022. "A Modified Location-Weighted Landscape Index to Evaluate Nutrient Retention in Agricultural Wetlands: A Case Study of the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces World Heritage Site," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, September.
    5. Yovana Todorova & Stilyana Lincheva & Ivaylo Yotinov & Yana Topalova, 2016. "Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment of Long-Term Polluted Sediments with Heavy Metals in Small Hydropower Cascade," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(12), pages 4171-4184, September.

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