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Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Based Modeling for Karstic Groundwater Level Simulation

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  • Ioannis Trichakis
  • Ioannis Nikolos
  • G. Karatzas

Abstract

A relatively new method of addressing different hydrological problems is the use of artificial neural networks (ANN). In groundwater management ANNs are usually used to predict the hydraulic head at a well location. ANNs can prove to be very useful because, unlike numerical groundwater models, they are very easy to implement in karstic regions without the need of explicit knowledge of the exact flow conduit geometry and they avoid the creation of extremely complex models in the rare cases when all the necessary information is available. With hydrological parameters like rainfall and temperature, as well as with hydrogeological parameters like pumping rates from nearby wells as input, the ANN applies a black box approach and yields the simulated hydraulic head. During the calibration process the network is trained using a set of available field data and its performance is evaluated with a different set. Available measured data from Edward’s aquifer in Texas, USA are used in this work to train and evaluate the proposed ANN. The Edwards Aquifer is a unique groundwater system and one of the most prolific artesian aquifers in the world. The present work focuses on simulation of hydraulic head change at an observation well in the area. The adopted ANN is a classic fully connected multilayer perceptron, with two hidden layers. All input parameters are directly or indirectly connected to the aquatic equilibrium and the ANN is treated as a sophisticated analogue to empirical models of the past. A correlation analysis of the measured data is used to determine the time lag between the current day and the day used for input of the measured rainfall levels. After the calibration process the testing data were used in order to check the ability of the ANN to interpolate or extrapolate in other regions, not used in the training procedure. The results show that there is a need for exact knowledge of pumping from each well in karstic aquifers as it is difficult to simulate the sudden drops and rises, which in this case can be more than 6 ft (approx. 2 m). That aside, the ANN is still a useful way to simulate karstic aquifers that are difficult to be simulated by numerical groundwater models. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011

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  • Ioannis Trichakis & Ioannis Nikolos & G. Karatzas, 2011. "Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Based Modeling for Karstic Groundwater Level Simulation," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(4), pages 1143-1152, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:25:y:2011:i:4:p:1143-1152
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-010-9628-6
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    1. Purna Nayak & Y. Rao & K. Sudheer, 2006. "Groundwater Level Forecasting in a Shallow Aquifer Using Artificial Neural Network Approach," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 20(1), pages 77-90, February.
    2. Rajib Bhattacharjya & Bithin Datta, 2005. "Optimal Management of Coastal Aquifers Using Linked Simulation Optimization Approach," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 19(3), pages 295-320, June.
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    2. L. Karthikeyan & D. Kumar & Didier Graillot & Shishir Gaur, 2013. "Prediction of Ground Water Levels in the Uplands of a Tropical Coastal Riparian Wetland using Artificial Neural Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(3), pages 871-883, February.
    3. Domenico Baú, 2012. "Planning of Groundwater Supply Systems Subject to Uncertainty Using Stochastic Flow Reduced Models and Multi-Objective Evolutionary Optimization," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(9), pages 2513-2536, July.
    4. Youngmin Seo & Sungwon Kim & Vijay Singh, 2015. "Estimating Spatial Precipitation Using Regression Kriging and Artificial Neural Network Residual Kriging (RKNNRK) Hybrid Approach," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(7), pages 2189-2204, May.
    5. Shishir Gaur & Sudheer Ch & Didier Graillot & B. Chahar & D. Kumar, 2013. "Application of Artificial Neural Networks and Particle Swarm Optimization for the Management of Groundwater Resources," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(3), pages 927-941, February.
    6. Sandra M. Guzman & Joel O. Paz & Mary Love M. Tagert, 2017. "The Use of NARX Neural Networks to Forecast Daily Groundwater Levels," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(5), pages 1591-1603, March.
    7. Yashon O. Ouma & Ditiro B. Moalafhi & George Anderson & Boipuso Nkwae & Phillimon Odirile & Bhagabat P. Parida & Jiaguo Qi, 2022. "Dam Water Level Prediction Using Vector AutoRegression, Random Forest Regression and MLP-ANN Models Based on Land-Use and Climate Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-31, November.
    8. Akram Seifi & Mohammad Ehteram & Vijay P. Singh & Amir Mosavi, 2020. "Modeling and Uncertainty Analysis of Groundwater Level Using Six Evolutionary Optimization Algorithms Hybridized with ANFIS, SVM, and ANN," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-42, May.
    9. Hamid Safavi & Mahdieh Esmikhani, 2013. "Conjunctive Use of Surface Water and Groundwater: Application of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Genetic Algorithms," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(7), pages 2623-2644, May.
    10. Samad Emamgholizadeh & Khadije Moslemi & Gholamhosein Karami, 2014. "Prediction the Groundwater Level of Bastam Plain (Iran) by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(15), pages 5433-5446, December.
    11. Jenq-Tzong Shiau & Hui-Ting Hsu, 2016. "Suitability of ANN-Based Daily Streamflow Extension Models: a Case Study of Gaoping River Basin, Taiwan," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(4), pages 1499-1513, March.

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