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Influence of Intermittent and Continuous Modes of Water Supply on Domestic Water Consumption

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  • Subhash Andey
  • Prakash Kelkar

Abstract

In developing countries, water distribution systems are designed for continuous water supply (CWS) with peak factor between 2.0 and 3.0. While in practice, water is supplied for restricted hours in the morning and evening hours for various reasons. One of the assumption is that under intermittent water supply (IWS), water consumption in residential areas is less compared to CWS. A study was conducted in four Indian cities to evaluate influence of IWS and CWS on domestic water consumption. The selected water distribution system (WDS) represents specific situation in each city. Water consumption data was repeatedly collected through water meter readings in all the cities. The same WDS was switched over to CWS for few months with prior information to the residents. Water consumption was again measured under CWS mode of operation. Statistical analysis of water consumption was done for all the four cities under both modes of operation. The study indicates that domestic water consumption depends on adequacy of water supply, under IWS mode of operation. Water consumption do not change appreciably under CWS, if consumers water demand is satisfied under IWS. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009

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  • Subhash Andey & Prakash Kelkar, 2009. "Influence of Intermittent and Continuous Modes of Water Supply on Domestic Water Consumption," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(12), pages 2555-2566, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:23:y:2009:i:12:p:2555-2566
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-008-9396-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. Babel & A. Gupta & P. Pradhan, 2007. "A multivariate econometric approach for domestic water demand modeling: An application to Kathmandu, Nepal," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 21(3), pages 573-589, March.
    2. L. Araujo & H. Ramos & S. Coelho, 2006. "Pressure Control for Leakage Minimisation in Water Distribution Systems Management," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 20(1), pages 133-149, February.
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    1. Burt, Zachary & Ercümen, Ayşe & Billava, Narayana & Ray, Isha, 2018. "From intermittent to continuous service: Costs, benefits, equity and sustainability of water system reforms in Hubli-Dharwad, India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 121-133.
    2. Agathoklis Agathokleous & Symeon Christodoulou, 2016. "Vulnerability of Urban Water Distribution Networks under Intermittent Water Supply Operations," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(13), pages 4731-4750, October.
    3. María Reyes* & Nemanja Trifunović & Saroj Sharma & Maria Kennedy, 2019. "Water-Demand Growth Modelling in Puerto Ayora’s Water Distribution Network Using EPANET," International Journal of World Policy and Development Studies, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 5(8), pages 71-81, 08-2019.
    4. Liangxin Fan & Guobin Liu & Fei Wang & Coen Ritsema & Violette Geissen, 2014. "Domestic Water Consumption under Intermittent and Continuous Modes of Water Supply," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(3), pages 853-865, February.
    5. Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio & Jonathan Soto-Paz & Anulfo Ramos-Santos & Keiner Fernando Sanjuan-Quintero & Rossember Saldaña-Escorcia & Isabel Cristina Dominguez-Rivera & Antoni Sánchez, 2023. "Assessment of the Water Footprint in Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods from Developing Countries: Case Study Fátima (Gamarra, Colombia)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, April.
    6. Aurora Gullotta & Alberto Campisano & Enrico Creaco & Carlo Modica, 2021. "A Simplified Methodology for Optimal Location and Setting of Valves to Improve Equity in Intermittent Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(13), pages 4477-4494, October.
    7. Zhifang Wu & Jennifer McKay & Elizabeth Hemphill, 2011. "Roles of Levies for Sustainable Domestic Water Consumption," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(3), pages 929-940, February.
    8. Jonathan Chenoweth & Julie Barnett & Tereza Capelos & Chris Fife-Schaw & Tanika Kelay, 2010. "Comparison of Consumer Attitudes Between Cyprus and Latvia: An Evaluation of Effect of Setting on Consumer Preferences in the Water Industry," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(15), pages 4339-4358, December.

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