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Rationalität, Emotionalität und Moralität–Zur Begründung moralischer Normen

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  • Hansrudi Lenz

    (Universität Würzburg)

Abstract

Zusammenfassung Wer moralischen Normen eine verhaltenssteuernde, präskriptive Funktion zuspricht, muss eine Antwort geben auf die Frage: Warum moralisch sein? Insbesondere gilt dies in einem ökonomischen Kontext. Der Beitrag expliziert den Begriff der moralischen Norm und zeigt, dass eine kontraktualistische Begründung moralischer Normen über die Interessen rationaler und egoistischer Akteure in begriffliche Widersprüche führt, weil diese Akteure gar keine moralischen Normen benötigen. Weiter kann die Bedeutung moralischer Emotionen nicht zureichend erfasst werden und eine so begründete „Moral“ schließt Schwache und Ungeborene aus der moralischen Gemeinschaft aus. Die bislang vorliegende Evidenz aus der experimentellen Ökonomik zeigt, dass wir jedoch weder vom Extremfall des eigennützigen Amoralisten noch vom Extremfall des Altruisten ausgehen müssen. Handlungsleitende moralische Normen wären dann auch überflüssig. An Stelle dessen ist von einem bedingt-kooperativen Individuum auszugehen, welches normabweichendes Verhalten anderer bestraft und Normeinhaltung belohnt. Emotionen spielen hierbei eine wesentliche Rolle. Die stets auch gefährdete Moral dieses Individuums kann über argumentativ begründete moralische Normen gestützt und weiterentwickelt werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Hansrudi Lenz, 2008. "Rationalität, Emotionalität und Moralität–Zur Begründung moralischer Normen," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 60(58), pages 93-115, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:sjobre:v:60:y:2008:i:58:d:10.1007_bf03372969
    DOI: 10.1007/BF03372969
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    References listed on IDEAS

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