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Rainfall erosivity and erosivity density in Eastern Ghats Highland of east India

Author

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  • Ch. Jyotiprava Dash

    (ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre)

  • N. K. Das

    (ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre)

  • Partha Pratim Adhikary

    (ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre)

Abstract

The rainfall erosivity (R-factor in USLE) is the long-term average of the sum of the product of rainfall kinetic energy and its maximum 30-min intensity. Therefore, at most 30-min time intervals pluviograph records are required to calculate R-factor. But, such high-resolution data are scarce in many parts of the world and require lengthy processing period. In this study, R-factor was correlated with daily, monthly and annual rainfall, and its spatial variability in Eastern Ghats Highland of east India was mapped. The result showed that power regression models predicted satisfactorily the daily, monthly and annual R-factor, of which annual R-factor model performed best (model efficiency 0.93). Mean monsoon season R-factor was 15.6 and 10.0 times higher than the pre- and post-monsoon season R-factor, and thus remained highly critical with respect to erosion. Annual R-factor values ranged from 3040 to 10,127 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 year−1, with standard deviation of 1981 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 year−1. Rainfall intensity was positively correlated with erosivity density, and numerical value of rainfall intensity was almost double of the erosivity density value. The combination of rainfall and erosivity density was used to identify flood, erosion and landslide-prone areas. The developed iso-erosivity, erosivity density and risk maps can be opted as a tool for policy makers to take suitable measures against natural hazards in Eastern Ghats Highland of east India and elsewhere with similar rainfall characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • Ch. Jyotiprava Dash & N. K. Das & Partha Pratim Adhikary, 2019. "Rainfall erosivity and erosivity density in Eastern Ghats Highland of east India," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 97(2), pages 727-746, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:97:y:2019:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-019-03670-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-019-03670-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ch. Jyotiprava Dash & Partha Pratim Adhikary & N. K. Das & N. M. Alam & Uday Mandal & P. K. Mishra, 2018. "Comparison of rainfall kinetic energy–intensity relationships for Eastern Ghats Highland region of India," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 93(1), pages 547-558, August.
    2. Nazzareno Diodato & Gianni Bellocchi & Nunzio Romano & Giovanni Chirico, 2011. "How the aggressiveness of rainfalls in the Mediterranean lands is enhanced by climate change," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 108(3), pages 591-599, October.
    3. P. Dabral & Neelakshi Baithuri & Ashish Pandey, 2008. "Soil Erosion Assessment in a Hilly Catchment of North Eastern India Using USLE, GIS and Remote Sensing," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 22(12), pages 1783-1798, December.
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