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Numerical simulation of erosion and deposition at the Thailand Khao Lak coast during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

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  • Linlin Li
  • Zhenhua Huang
  • Qiang Qiu

Abstract

A case study was conducted for the Thailand Khao Lak coast using a forward numerical model to understand uncertainties associated with interpreting tsunami deposits and relating them to their tsunami sources. We examined possible effects of the characteristics of tsunami source, multiple waves, sediment supply and local land usages. Numerical results showed that tsunami-deposit extent and thickness could be indicative of the slip value in the source earthquake near the surveyed coastal locations, provided that the sediment supply is unlimited and all the deposits are well preserved. Deposit thickness was found to be largely controlled by the local topography and could be easily modified by backwash flows or subsequent tsunami flows. Between deposit extent and deposit thickness, using deposit extent to interpret the characteristics of a tsunami source is preferable. The changing of land usages between two tsunami events could be another important factor that can significantly alter deposit thickness. There is a need to develop inversion models based on tsunami heights and/or run-up data for studying paleotsunamis. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014

Suggested Citation

  • Linlin Li & Zhenhua Huang & Qiang Qiu, 2014. "Numerical simulation of erosion and deposition at the Thailand Khao Lak coast during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 74(3), pages 2251-2277, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:74:y:2014:i:3:p:2251-2277
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-014-1301-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Futoshi Nanayama & Kenji Satake & Ryuta Furukawa & Koichi Shimokawa & Brian F. Atwater & Kiyoyuki Shigeno & Shigeru Yamaki, 2003. "Unusually large earthquakes inferred from tsunami deposits along the Kuril trench," Nature, Nature, vol. 424(6949), pages 660-663, August.
    2. Linlin Li & Qiang Qiu & Zhenhua Huang, 2012. "Numerical modeling of the morphological change in Lhok Nga, west Banda Aceh, during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami: understanding tsunami deposits using a forward modeling method," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 64(2), pages 1549-1574, November.
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