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Formation and characteristics of post-earthquake debris flow: a case study from Wenjia gully in Mianzhu, Sichuan, SW China

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  • H. Ni
  • W. Zheng
  • Y. Tie
  • P. Su
  • Y. Tang
  • R. Xu
  • D. Wang
  • X. Chen

Abstract

During the three flood seasons following the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, two catastrophic groups of debris flow events occurred in the earthquake-affected area: the 2008-9-24 debris flow events, which had a serious impact on rebuilding; and the 2010-8-13/14 debris flow events, which destroyed much of the progress made in rebuilding. The Wenjia gully is a typical post-earthquake debris flow gully and at least five debris flows have occurred there. As far as the 2010-8-13 debris flow is concerned, the deposits of the Wenjia gully debris flow reached a volume of 3.1 × 10 6 m 3 in volume and hundreds of newly built houses were buried. This study took the Wenjia gully debris flow as an example and discussed the formation and characteristics of post-earthquake debris flow on the basis of field investigations and a remote sensing interpretation. The conclusions drawn from the investigation and analysis were as follows: (1) Post-earthquake debris flows were a joint result of both the earthquake and heavy rainfall. (2) Gully incision and loose material provision are key processes in the initiation and occurrence of debris flows and a cycle can be presented as the following process: runoff—erosion—collapse—engulfment—debris flow—further erosion—further collapse—further engulfment—debris flow enlargement. (3) The amount of rainfall that triggered debris flows from the Wenjia gully was significantly less than the average daily rainfall, while the intraday rainfall threshold decreased by at least 23.3%. (4) The occurrence mechanism of Wenjia gully debris flow was an erosion type and there was a positive relationship between debris flow magnitude and rainfall, which fitted an exponential model. (5) There were five representative characteristics of Wenjia gully debris flow: the long duration of the occurring process; the long distance of deposition chain conversion during the process of damage; magnification in the scale of debris flow; and the high frequency of debris flow events. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • H. Ni & W. Zheng & Y. Tie & P. Su & Y. Tang & R. Xu & D. Wang & X. Chen, 2012. "Formation and characteristics of post-earthquake debris flow: a case study from Wenjia gully in Mianzhu, Sichuan, SW China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 61(2), pages 317-335, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:61:y:2012:i:2:p:317-335
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-011-9914-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chia-Nan Liu & Hsiao-Fung Huang & Jia-Jyun Dong, 2008. "Impacts of September 21, 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake on the characteristics of gully-type debris flows in central Taiwan," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 47(3), pages 349-368, December.
    2. Huayong Ni & Wanmo Zheng & Zongliang Li & Renji Ba, 2010. "Recent catastrophic debris flows in Luding county, SW China: geological hazards, rainfall analysis and dynamic characteristics," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 55(2), pages 523-542, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chao Kang & Dongxing Ren & Xiaofeng Gao & Chuntan Han & Yuxi Wang, 2021. "Study of kinematic characteristics of a rock avalanche and subsequent erosion process due to a debris flow in Wenjia gully, Sichuan, China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 106(1), pages 937-964, March.
    2. Yao Shunyu & Nazir Ahmed Bazai & Tang Jinbo & Jiang Hu & Yi Shujian & Zou Qiang & Tashfain Ahmed & Guo Jian, 2022. "Dynamic process of a typical slope debris flow: a case study of the wujia gully, Zengda, Sichuan Province, China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 112(1), pages 565-586, May.

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