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Modeling wave-surge effects on barrier-island breaching in St. Joseph Peninsula during Hurricane Michael

Author

Listed:
  • Mengdi Ma

    (FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University)

  • Wenrui Huang

    (FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University)

  • Linoj Vijayan

    (Louisiana State University)

  • Sungmoon Jung

    (FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University)

Abstract

Better understanding the effects of hurricane waves and storm surges on barrier-island breaching is important for both scientific research and coastal hazard mitigations. In this study, the 2D non-hydrostatic Xbeach model has been applied to investigate interactions of hurricane wave, storm surge, and morphological processes in the case study of St. Joseph Peninsula during Category 5 Hurricane Michael. Model validations show a 2.45% average error and the 0.88 skill score between modeled and observed high water marks and bed elevations, respectively. Analysis of spatial distributions of currents and water levels indicates that a narrow area was overtopped at peak storm surge and wave. The gap was then quickly enlarged as the breaching area by wave-surge actions. By investigating foredune and peak dune along the central axis of breaching area, it shows that the foredune erosion on the ocean-side by wave-surge-current directly lead to the breach of the peak dune area in the barrier island. The Froude number shows a strong correlation with quick erosion of the barrier, indicating wave-surge supercritical flow is one of the major factors causing the barrier breaching. Results of cross sections of bed elevations and instantaneous surge-wave profiles at different storm surge stages reveal the evolution of the barrier-island breach. Results from this study provide valuable references for coastal hazard mitigation and resilience communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Mengdi Ma & Wenrui Huang & Linoj Vijayan & Sungmoon Jung, 2024. "Modeling wave-surge effects on barrier-island breaching in St. Joseph Peninsula during Hurricane Michael," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 120(15), pages 14199-14226, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:120:y:2024:i:15:d:10.1007_s11069-024-06768-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-024-06768-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tiago Garcia & Óscar Ferreira & Ana Matias & João Dias, 2010. "Overwash vulnerability assessment based on long-term washover evolution," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 54(2), pages 225-244, August.
    2. Davina Passeri & Scott Hagen & Matthew Bilskie & Stephen Medeiros, 2015. "On the significance of incorporating shoreline changes for evaluating coastal hydrodynamics under sea level rise scenarios," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 75(2), pages 1599-1617, January.
    3. Davina L. Passeri & Matthew V. Bilskie & Nathaniel G. Plant & Joseph W. Long & Scott C. Hagen, 2018. "Dynamic modeling of barrier island response to hurricane storm surge under future sea level rise," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 149(3), pages 413-425, August.
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