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Optimal Cooperative Collision Avoidance Strategy for Coplanar Encounter: Merz’s Solution Revisited

Author

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  • T. Tarnopolskaya

    (CSIRO Mathematical & Information Sciences)

  • N. Fulton

    (CSIRO Mathematical & Information Sciences)

Abstract

Analytic solutions for optimal collision avoidance strategies are of great importance when setting and validating air traffic rules and as a benchmark when validating automated proximity management and collision avoidance systems. Such a solution for optimal air collision avoidance strategies for a coplanar cooperative encounter between two identical aircraft (or ships) was first presented by Merz (Proc. Joint Automatic Control Conf., Pap. 15-3:449–454, 1973; Navigation 20(2):144–152, 1973). Unfortunately, Merz provided only a very brief indicative justification for his solution. This paper presents a rigorous analysis of the problem. New results include a characterization of a complete set of extremals, justification for optimal strategies and an analysis of the properties of the regions of different optimal strategies. A simple, practical and sufficiently accurate closed form approximation for dispersal curves that partition the plane of initial positions into the regions of different optimal strategies is also presented.

Suggested Citation

  • T. Tarnopolskaya & N. Fulton, 2009. "Optimal Cooperative Collision Avoidance Strategy for Coplanar Encounter: Merz’s Solution Revisited," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 140(2), pages 355-375, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joptap:v:140:y:2009:i:2:d:10.1007_s10957-008-9452-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s10957-008-9452-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. A. Miele & T. Wang & C. S. Chao & J. B. Dabney, 1999. "Optimal Control of a Ship for Course Change and Sidestep Maneuvers," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 103(2), pages 259-282, November.
    2. Clements, John C., 1999. "The optimal control of collision avoidance trajectories in air traffic management," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 265-280, May.
    3. A. Miele & T. Wang, 2006. "Optimal Trajectories and Guidance Schemes for Ship Collision Avoidance," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 129(1), pages 1-21, April.
    4. A. Miele & T. Wang & C. S. Chao & J. B. Dabney, 1999. "Optimal Control of a Ship for Collision Avoidance Maneuvers," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 103(3), pages 495-519, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. T. Tarnopolskaya & N. Fulton & H. Maurer, 2012. "Synthesis of Optimal Bang–Bang Control for Cooperative Collision Avoidance for Aircraft (Ships) with Unequal Linear Speeds," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 155(1), pages 115-144, October.
    2. T. Tarnopolskaya & N. Fulton, 2010. "Synthesis of Optimal Control for Cooperative Collision Avoidance for Aircraft (Ships) with Unequal Turn Capabilities," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 144(2), pages 367-390, February.
    3. Maksim Buzikov & Andrey Galyaev, 2023. "The Game of Two Identical Cars: An Analytical Description of the Barrier," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 198(3), pages 988-1018, September.
    4. A. Miele & T. Wang & J. A. Mathwig & M. Ciarcià, 2010. "Collision Avoidance for an Aircraft in Abort Landing: Trajectory Optimization and Guidance," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 146(2), pages 233-254, August.

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