IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/joimai/v23y2022i2d10.1007_s12134-021-00860-y.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Pakistan to Malaysia: What Expectations Behind Migration?

Author

Listed:
  • Zermina Tasleem

    (Bahauddin Zakariya University)

  • Sohail Ayaz Muhammad

    (University Sains Malaysia)

  • Mohd Na’eim Ajis

    (Universiti Utara Malaysia)

  • Nor Azizah Zainal Abidin

    (Universiti Utara Malaysia)

Abstract

Relatively little is known regarding the key migration intentions of Pakistanis to Malaysia, including their pre-migration expectations, which are proximate determining factors of migration. This study explores the pre-migration expectations of Pakistanis in the area of Klang Valley with a focus on the documented labourer group. The push–pull theory and migrant network theory have been included to better understand the driver complexes of migration decisions. Such drivers design the circumstances and conditions within which individuals decide to migrate or stay put. A qualitative study was conducted through the semi-structured interviews between March and September 2019 from 24 Pakistani migrant labourers in Malaysia and thematic analysis showed that remarkably different pre-migration expectations were the reason for migration decision-making and intentions. The strikingly pre-migration expectations depicted from Pakistani migrant labourers are job opportunities, to earn more money, secure and safe environment, better facilities, fewer inflation rates and good governance. These pre-migration expectations were a potent determinant of migration from Pakistan to Malaysia. Hence, this study reports the experiences of migrants that may serve as a guide to those with intentions to migrate.

Suggested Citation

  • Zermina Tasleem & Sohail Ayaz Muhammad & Mohd Na’eim Ajis & Nor Azizah Zainal Abidin, 2022. "Pakistan to Malaysia: What Expectations Behind Migration?," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 569-590, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joimai:v:23:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s12134-021-00860-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s12134-021-00860-y
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12134-021-00860-y
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s12134-021-00860-y?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Christian Dustmann & Francesco Fasani & Tommaso Frattini & Luigi Minale & Uta Schönberg, 2017. "On the economics and politics of refugee migration," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 32(91), pages 497-550.
    2. Everett Lee, 1966. "A theory of migration," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 3(1), pages 47-57, March.
    3. Joseph Trawicki Anderson, 2021. "Managing labour migration in Malaysia: foreign workers and the challenges of ‘control’ beyond liberal democracies," Third World Quarterly, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(1), pages 86-104, January.
    4. Douglas S. Massey & Ilana Redstone Akresh, 2006. "Immigrant Intentions and Mobility in a Global Economy: The Attitudes and Behavior of Recently Arrived U.S. Immigrants," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 87(s1), pages 954-971.
    5. Zermina Tasleem & Mohd Na’eim Ajis & Nor Azizah Zainal Abidin, 2020. "Examining the Housing Experiences in Malaysia: a Qualitative Research on Pakistani Immigrant Labours," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 241-251, March.
    6. Jorge Mora-Rivera & Isael Fierros-González, 2020. "Determinants of Indigenous Migration: the Case of Guerrero’s Mountain Region in Mexico," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 93-116, March.
    7. Douglas S. Massey & Ilana Redstone Akresh, 2006. "Immigrant Intentions and Mobility in a Global Economy: The Attitudes and Behavior of Recently Arrived U.S. Immigrants," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 87(5), pages 954-971, December.
    8. Josphine Chaumba, 2016. "Social Capital and Employment Outcomes of Zimbabwean Immigrants in the United States," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 487-505, May.
    9. Jung, Jishim & Han, Heesup & Oh, Mihae, 2017. "Travelers' switching behavior in the airline industry from the perspective of the push-pull-mooring framework," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 139-153.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yuzheng Zhang & Shirui He, 2023. "Local Government’s Land Finance Dependence and Migrants’ Settlement Intentions: Evidence from China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Anthony Amoah & Carlos Tetteh & Kofi Korle & Samuel Howard Quartey, 2022. "Human Development and Net Migration: the Ghanaian Experience," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 1147-1172, September.
    3. Thomas, Rebecca L. & Chiarelli-Helminiak, Christina M. & Ferraj, Brunilda & Barrette, Kyle, 2016. "Building relationships and facilitating immigrant community integration: An evaluation of a Cultural Navigator Program," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 77-84.
    4. Els Bekaert & Amelie F. Constant & Killian Foubert & Ilse Ruyssen, 2021. "Longing for Which Home: Evidence from Global Aspirations to Stay, Return or Migrate Onwards," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 21/1028, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    5. Amelie F. Constant, 2020. "Time-Space Dynamics of Return and Circular Migration: Theories and Evidence," CESifo Working Paper Series 8053, CESifo.
    6. Isilda Mara & Michael Landesmann, 2013. "Do I stay because I am happy or am I happy because I stay? Life satisfaction in migration, and the decision to stay permanently, return and out-migrate," Norface Discussion Paper Series 2013008, Norface Research Programme on Migration, Department of Economics, University College London.
    7. Junjie Gao & Lyubing Feng & Xianguo Yao, 2021. "Information Transmission Mechanism of Inequality of Opportunity and Effort on Settlement Intention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-17, April.
    8. Hasan Al-Banna & Izra Berakon, 2024. "From bank to P2P lending: switching intention of SME’s: evidence from Indonesia," Journal of Financial Services Marketing, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 29(2), pages 568-581, June.
    9. Karin Amit & Ilan Riss, 2014. "The Subjective Well-Being of Immigrants: Pre- and Post-migration," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 119(1), pages 247-264, October.
    10. Engzell, Per & Ichou, Mathieu, 2019. "Status Loss: The Burden of Positively Selected Immigrants," SocArXiv qr5h7, Center for Open Science.
    11. Andreas Ette & Barbara Heß & Lenore Sauer, 2016. "Tackling Germany’s Demographic Skills Shortage: Permanent Settlement Intentions of the Recent Wave of Labour Migrants from Non-European Countries," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 429-448, May.
    12. Junfeng Wang & Shaoyao Zhang & Wei Deng & Qianli Zhou, 2024. "Metropolitan Expansion and Migrant Population: Correlation Patterns and Influencing Factors in Chengdu, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-19, January.
    13. Philippe Wanner, 2021. "Can Migrants’ Emigration Intentions Predict Their Actual Behaviors? Evidence from a Swiss Survey," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 1151-1179, September.
    14. van Dalen, H.P. & Henkens, K., 2008. "Emigration Intentions : Mere Words or True Plans? Explaining International Migration Intentions and Behavior," Other publications TiSEM d78ea768-e1d5-4a80-baff-2, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    15. Sarinda Taengnoi, 2014. "Economic man and social woman: Determinants of immigrants' life satisfaction," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 34(3), pages 1530-1549.
    16. Maria Carella & Thaís García-Pereiro & Roberta Pace, 2022. "Subjective Well-Being, Transnational Families and Social Integration of Married Immigrants in Italy," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 161(2), pages 785-816, June.
    17. Sofya Aptekar, 2016. "Making Sense of Naturalization: What Citizenship Means to Naturalizing Immigrants in Canada and the USA," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 1143-1161, November.
    18. Schmid, Lena & Renner, Laura, 2020. "The Decision to Flee: Analyzing Gender-Specific Determinants of International Refugee Migration," VfS Annual Conference 2020 (Virtual Conference): Gender Economics 224596, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    19. Laura Monteiro & Michael Haan, 2022. "The Life Satisfaction of Immigrants in Canada: Does Time Since Arrival Matter more than Income?," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 1397-1420, September.
    20. Isilda Mara & Michael Landesmann, 2013. "The steadiness of migration plans and expected length of stay: based on a recent survey of Romanian migrants in Italy," Norface Discussion Paper Series 2013007, Norface Research Programme on Migration, Department of Economics, University College London.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:joimai:v:23:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s12134-021-00860-y. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.