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Beyond valence: a meta-analysis of discrete emotions in firm-customer encounters

Author

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  • Anne-Madeleine Kranzbühler

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Alfred Zerres

    (University of Amsterdam)

  • Mirella H. P. Kleijnen

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)

  • Peeter W. J. Verlegh

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)

Abstract

Distinguishing between consumers’ positive and negative affect is a popular approach in both marketing research and practice, but such valence-based approaches sacrifice specificity and explanatory power. As emotions of the same valence can greatly differ with regard to their underlying appraisal patterns, they also differently affect consumer judgment and behavior. Our meta-analysis of 1035 effect sizes (N = 40,777) across 10 discrete emotions shows that analyzing discrete emotions clearly outperforms models of core affect (valence and arousal) when studying firm–customer encounters. Specifically, we find that the greatest impact stems from the medium-arousal emotion of gratitude and that positive emotions show consistently stronger effect sizes than do negative emotions. We also examine how effects are moderated by situational characteristics of the experience triggering the emotion. Based on our findings, we develop recommendations that help marketers identify and manage consumers’ emotions more effectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Anne-Madeleine Kranzbühler & Alfred Zerres & Mirella H. P. Kleijnen & Peeter W. J. Verlegh, 2020. "Beyond valence: a meta-analysis of discrete emotions in firm-customer encounters," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 478-498, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joamsc:v:48:y:2020:i:3:d:10.1007_s11747-019-00707-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s11747-019-00707-0
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    2. Vieira, Valter Afonso & Rafael, Diego Nogueira & Agnihotri, Raj, 2022. "Augmented reality generalizations: A meta-analytical review on consumer-related outcomes and the mediating role of hedonic and utilitarian values," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 170-184.
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    4. John Hulland & Mark B. Houston, 2020. "Why systematic review papers and meta-analyses matter: an introduction to the special issue on generalizations in marketing," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 351-359, May.
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    6. Herrando, Carolina & Jiménez-Martínez, Julio & Martín-De Hoyos, María José & Constantinides, Efthymios, 2022. "Emotional contagion triggered by online consumer reviews: Evidence from a neuroscience study," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    7. Soderlund, Magnus & Oikarinen, Eeva-Liisa & Tan, Teck Ming, 2021. "The happy virtual agent and its impact on the human customer in the service encounter," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    8. Elizabeth Han & Dezhi Yin & Han Zhang, 2023. "Bots with Feelings: Should AI Agents Express Positive Emotion in Customer Service?," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 34(3), pages 1296-1311, September.
    9. Li Yan & Hean Tat Keh & Kyle B. Murray, 2024. "Feeling the values: How pride and awe differentially enhance consumers’ sustainable behavioral intentions," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 52(1), pages 75-96, January.
    10. Liu-Thompkins, Yuping & Khoshghadam, Leila & Attar Shoushtari, Arjang & Zal, Saeed, 2022. "What drives retailer loyalty? A meta-analysis of the role of cognitive, affective, and social factors across five decades," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 98(1), pages 92-110.
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