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Refugee migration networks and regulations: a multiclass, multipath variational inequality framework

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  • Anna Nagurney

    (University of Massachusetts)

  • Patrizia Daniele

    (University of Catania)

  • Ladimer S. Nagurney

    (University of Hartford)

Abstract

In this paper, we take up the timely topic of the modeling, analysis, and solution of refugee migration networks. We construct a general, multiclass, multipath model, determine the governing equilibrium conditions, and provide alternative variational inequality formulations in path flows and in link flows. We also demonstrate how governmental imposed regulations associated with refugees can be captured via constraints. We provide qualitative properties and then establish, via a supernetwork transformation, that the model(s) are isomorphic to traffic network equilibrium models with fixed demands. Illustrative examples are given, along with numerical examples, inspired by a refugee crisis from Mexico to the United States, which are solved using the Euler method embedded with exact equilibration. The work sets the foundation for the development of additional models and algorithms and also provides insights as to who wins and who loses under certain refugee regulations.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Nagurney & Patrizia Daniele & Ladimer S. Nagurney, 2020. "Refugee migration networks and regulations: a multiclass, multipath variational inequality framework," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 78(3), pages 627-649, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jglopt:v:78:y:2020:i:3:d:10.1007_s10898-020-00936-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s10898-020-00936-6
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    6. Zugang Liu & Anna Nagurney, 2007. "Financial Networks with Intermediation and Transportation Network Equilibria: A Supernetwork Equivalence and Reinterpretation of the Equilibrium Conditions with Computations," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 4(3), pages 243-281, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Vasiliki Mebelli & Maria Drakaki & Panagiotis Tzionas, 2023. "An Investigation of Time Series Models for Forecasting Mixed Migration Flows: Focusing in Germany," SN Operations Research Forum, Springer, vol. 4(2), pages 1-11, June.
    2. Nagurney, Anna, 2022. "Attracting international migrant labor: Investment optimization to alleviate supply chain labor shortages," Operations Research Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 9(C).
    3. Anna Nagurney & Dana Hassani & Oleg Nivievskyi & Pavlo Martyshev, 2023. "Exchange rates and multicommodity international trade: insights from spatial price equilibrium modeling with policy instruments via variational inequalities," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 87(1), pages 1-30, September.
    4. Anna Nagurney, 2022. "Supply chain networks, wages, and labor productivity: insights from Lagrange. analysis and computations," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 83(3), pages 615-638, July.

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