Critical influencing factors of employees’ green behavior: three-stage hybrid fuzzy DEMATEL–ISM–MICMAC approach

The worsening of environmental pollution has compelled industrial organizations to implement improvements across the board and work to inspire staff to engage in active green behavior. However, the majority of recent studies are restricted to a certain perspective, and there is a dearth of study on the variables influencing employees’ green behavior in general. This research is grounded in a comprehensive viewpoint. Experts evaluate the relevant aspects using fuzzy language, and they combine their individual judgements using the central ordered weighted operator to get a more scientific conclusion. The outcomes of expert judgment are then examined using a variety of analytical techniques, including decision-making trail and evaluation laboratory method, interpretative structural model, and MICMAC Matrix, to identify the critical variables that influence employees’ adoption of environmentally friendly behavior. The findings indicate that the most important variables impacting workers’ green behavior are employee motivation, values, and responsible leadership. The attitudes, practices, and leadership philosophies of leaders regarding green conduct have an impact on employee motivation and values. The enterprise’s sustainable development idea is also shown to be impacted by leaders’ attitudes toward green conduct in a number of other areas, including the organizational environment, organizational and human resource management, and other areas. All of these elements have an impact on employees’ values and drive to adopt green practices, either internally or outside. This research can assist businesses in identifying the critical influencing elements that impact workers’ green behavior and provide focused recommendations to enhance employee green behavior.