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The Impact of the Affordable Care Act Young Adult Provision on Childbearing: Evidence From Tax Data

Author

Listed:
  • Bradley Heim

    (Indiana University)

  • Ithai Lurie

    (Office of Tax Analysis, U.S. Department of the Treasury)

  • Kosali Simon

    (Indiana University
    National Bureau of Economic Research)

Abstract

We use panel U.S. tax data spanning 2008–2013 to study the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) young adult provision on an important demographic outcome: childbearing. The impact is theoretically ambiguous: gaining insurance may increase access to contraceptive services while also reducing the out-of-pocket costs of childbirth. Because employer-reported U.S. Wage and Tax Statements (W-2 forms) record access to employer-provided benefits, we can examine the impact of the coverage expansion by focusing on young adults whose parents have access to benefits. We compare those who are slightly younger than the age threshold with those who are slightly older. Our results suggest that the ACA young adult provision led to a modest decrease in childbearing.

Suggested Citation

  • Bradley Heim & Ithai Lurie & Kosali Simon, 2018. "The Impact of the Affordable Care Act Young Adult Provision on Childbearing: Evidence From Tax Data," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(4), pages 1233-1243, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:demogr:v:55:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s13524-018-0692-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s13524-018-0692-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barbaresco, Silvia & Courtemanche, Charles J. & Qi, Yanling, 2015. "Impacts of the Affordable Care Act dependent coverage provision on health-related outcomes of young adults," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 54-68.
    2. Joelle Abramowitz, 2016. "Saying, “I Don’t†: The Effect of the Affordable Care Act Young Adult Provision on Marriage," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 51(4), pages 933-960.
    3. Thomas DeLeire & Leonard Lopoo & Kosali Simon, 2011. "Medicaid Expansions and Fertility in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 48(2), pages 725-747, May.
    4. Egerter, S. & Braveman, P. & Marchi, K., 2002. "Timing of insurance coverage and use of prenatal care among low-income women," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 92(3), pages 423-427.
    5. Yaa Akosa Antwi & Asako S. Moriya & Kosali Simon, 2013. "Effects of Federal Policy to Insure Young Adults: Evidence from the 2010 Affordable Care Act's Dependent-Coverage Mandate," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 5(4), pages 1-28, November.
    6. Joelle Abramowitz, 2017. "Planning Parenthood: The Affordable Care Act Young Adult Provision and Pathways to Fertility," Working Papers 17-65, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    7. Janet Currie & Jonathan Gruber, 1997. "The Technology of Birth: Health Insurance, Medical Interventions, and Infant Health," NBER Working Papers 5985, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Janna Bergsvik & Agnes Fauske & Rannveig Kaldager Hart, 2021. "Can Policies Stall the Fertility Fall? A Systematic Review of the (Quasi‐) Experimental Literature," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 47(4), pages 913-964, December.
    2. Larrimore, Jeff & Splinter, David, 2019. "How much does health insurance cost? Comparison of premiums in administrative and survey data," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 132-135.
    3. David J. G. Slusky & Donna K. Ginther, 2021. "Did Medicaid expansion reduce medical divorce?," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 1139-1174, December.
    4. Nicolas Moreau, 2021. "The Zero Effect of Income Tax on the Timing of Birth: Some Evidence on French Data," Working Papers hal-03157256, HAL.
    5. Makayla Palmer, 2020. "Does publicly subsidized health insurance affect the birth rate?," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 87(1), pages 70-121, July.
    6. Laura E. T. Swan, 2023. "Policy impacts on contraceptive access in the United States: a scoping review," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 40(1), pages 1-72, March.
    7. Nicolas Moreau, 2023. "The zero effect of income tax on the timing of birth: some evidence on French data," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 30(3), pages 757-783, June.
    8. Scott Barkowski & Joanne Song McLaughlin & Alex Ray, 2020. "A Reevaluation of the Effects of State and ACA Dependent Coverage Mandates on Health Insurance Coverage," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(3), pages 629-663, June.
    9. Rannveig Kaldager Hart & Janna Bergsvik & Agnes Fauske & Wookun Kim, 2023. "Causal Analysis of Policy Effects on Fertility," CESifo Working Paper Series 10690, CESifo.
    10. Pinka Chatterji & Xiangshi Liu & Barış K. Yörük, 2022. "Health insurance and the boomerang generation: Did the 2010 ACA dependent care provision affect geographic mobility and living arrangements among young adults?," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 40(2), pages 243-262, April.
    11. Janna Bergsvik & Agnes Fauske & Rannveig K. Hart, 2020. "Effects of policy on fertility. A systematic review of (quasi)experiments," Discussion Papers 922, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    12. Pinka Chatterji & Xiangshi Liu & Barış K. Yörük, 2019. "The effects of the 2010 Affordable Care Act dependent care provision on family structure and public program participation among young adults," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 1133-1161, December.
    13. Gal Wettstein, 2019. "Health insurance and opioid deaths: Evidence from the Affordable Care Act young adult provision," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(5), pages 666-677, May.
    14. Jie Ma & Kosali Simon, 2021. "Heterogeneous effects of health insurance on birth related outcomes: Unpacking compositional versus direct changes," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 39(3), pages 626-640, July.
    15. Nicolas Moreau, 2021. "The Zero Effect of Income Tax on the Timing of Birth: Some Evidence on French Data," TEPP Working Paper 2021-03, TEPP.
    16. Jie Ma & Kosali I. Simon, 2020. "Heterogeneous Effects Of Health Insurance On Birth Related Outcomes: Unpacking Compositional Vs. Direct Changes," NBER Working Papers 27728, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Richard J. Paulsen & Rajendra Dulal, 2024. "Health insurance access and the career choices of college graduates with majors in the arts: evidence from the affordable care act’s dependent coverage expansion," Journal of Cultural Economics, Springer;The Association for Cultural Economics International, vol. 48(3), pages 367-385, September.

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