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Geographic Variation in the Cumulative Risk of Imprisonment and Parental Imprisonment in the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Christopher Muller

    (University of California, Berkeley)

  • Christopher Wildeman

    (Cornell University
    Bureau of Justice Statistics)

Abstract

This article reports estimates of the cumulative risk of imprisonment and parental imprisonment for demographic groups in four regions and four states. Regional and state-level cumulative risks were markedly higher for African Americans and Latinos than for whites. African Americans faced the highest cumulative risks of imprisonment in the Midwest, Northeast, and two southern states. Latinos were most likely to serve time in state prison in the West, where their cumulative risk was comparable to that of African Americans. Latino children had a relatively high risk of having a parent imprisoned in the Northeast as well. Racial disparities in the cumulative risk of imprisonment and parental imprisonment did not increase linearly with increases in the cumulative risk for all groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Christopher Muller & Christopher Wildeman, 2016. "Geographic Variation in the Cumulative Risk of Imprisonment and Parental Imprisonment in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 53(5), pages 1499-1509, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:demogr:v:53:y:2016:i:5:d:10.1007_s13524-016-0493-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s13524-016-0493-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Devah Pager, 2003. "The mark of a criminal record," Natural Field Experiments 00319, The Field Experiments Website.
    2. Amanda Geller & Irwin Garfinkel & Bruce Western, 2011. "Paternal Incarceration and Support for Children in Fragile Families," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 48(1), pages 25-47, February.
    3. Amanda Geller & Carey Cooper & Irwin Garfinkel & Ofira Schwartz-Soicher & Ronald Mincy, 2012. "Beyond Absenteeism: Father Incarceration and Child Development," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 49(1), pages 49-76, February.
    4. Christopher Wildeman, 2009. "Parental imprisonment, the prison boom, and the concentration of childhood disadvantage," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 46(2), pages 265-280, May.
    5. Christopher Swann & Michelle Sylvester, 2006. "The foster care crisis: What caused caseloads to grow," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 43(2), pages 309-335, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sarah K. S. Shannon & Christopher Uggen & Jason Schnittker & Melissa Thompson & Sara Wakefield & Michael Massoglia, 2017. "The Growth, Scope, and Spatial Distribution of People With Felony Records in the United States, 1948–2010," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 54(5), pages 1795-1818, October.
    2. Luck, Anneliese N., 2023. "Variation in cumulative childhood risks of parental imprisonment and foster care removal by state and race/ethnicity," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    3. Peter Hepburn & Issa Kohler-Hausmann & Angela Zorro Medina, 2019. "Cumulative Risks of Multiple Criminal Justice Outcomes in New York City," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 56(3), pages 1161-1171, June.

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