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Analytical framework to evaluate the level of integration of climate adaptation and mitigation in cities

Author

Listed:
  • Stelios Grafakos

    (Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR)
    Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI))

  • Kate Trigg

    (Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR))

  • Mia Landauer

    (University of Lapland
    International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA))

  • Lorenzo Chelleri

    (Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC))

  • Shobhakar Dhakal

    (Asian Institute of Technology (AIT))

Abstract

Reduction of carbon emissions and climate-resilience in cities are becoming important objectives to be achieved in order to ensure sustainable urban development pathways. Traditionally, cities have treated climate mitigation and adaptation strategies in isolation, without addressing their potential synergies, conflicts or trade-offs. Recent studies have shown that this can lead to inefficiencies in urban planning, conflicting policy objectives and lost opportunities for synergistic actions. However, in the last few years, we have observed that cities are increasingly moving towards addressing both mitigation and adaptation in urban planning. Cities need to pay particular attention and understand the rationale of both policy objectives whilst considering the integration of the two policies in urban planning and decision-making. This study presents an analytical framework to evaluate the level of integration of climate mitigation and adaptation in cities’ local climate action plans. We tested this framework in nine selected major cities, representatives from all inhabited continents, which are frontrunners in climate action both in their regions and globally. We applied the framework in order to evaluate the level of mitigation and adaptation integration in cities’ CCAPs and further explored the different types of mitigation—adaptation interrelationships that have been considered. A scoring system was also devised in order to allow comparing and ranking of the different CCAPs for their level of integration of adaptation and mitigation. The paper draws good practices to support cities in developing climate change action plans in an integrated way.

Suggested Citation

  • Stelios Grafakos & Kate Trigg & Mia Landauer & Lorenzo Chelleri & Shobhakar Dhakal, 2019. "Analytical framework to evaluate the level of integration of climate adaptation and mitigation in cities," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 154(1), pages 87-106, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:climat:v:154:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1007_s10584-019-02394-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s10584-019-02394-w
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    2. Antje Otto & Kristine Kern & Wolfgang Haupt & Peter Eckersley & Annegret H. Thieken, 2021. "Ranking local climate policy: assessing the mitigation and adaptation activities of 104 German cities," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 167(1), pages 1-23, July.
    3. Kristine Kern & Janne Irmisch & Colette Odermatt & Wolfgang Haupt & Ingrid Kissling-Näf, 2021. "Cultural Heritage, Sustainable Development, and Climate Policy: Comparing the UNESCO World Heritage Cities of Potsdam and Bern," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Eduardo Bassolino & Maria Cerreta, 2021. "Climate Adaptive Design Index for the Built Environment (CADI-BE): An Assessment System of the Adaptive Capacity to Urban Temperatures Increase," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-35, July.
    5. Helena Madureira & Ana Monteiro, 2021. "Going Green and Going Dense: A Systematic Review of Compatibilities and Conflicts in Urban Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-20, September.
    6. Kern, Kristine & Irmisch, Janne & Odermatt, Colette & Haupt, Wolfgang & Kissling-Näf, Ingrid, 2021. "Cultural Heritage, Sustainable Development, and Climate Policy: Comparing the UNESCO World Heritage Cities of Potsdam and Bern," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 13(16).
    7. Aboagye, Prince Dacosta & Sharifi, Ayyoob, 2024. "Urban climate adaptation and mitigation action plans: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    8. Grafakos, S. & Viero, G. & Reckien, D. & Trigg, K. & Viguie, V. & Sudmant, A. & Graves, C. & Foley, A. & Heidrich, O. & Mirailles, J.M. & Carter, J. & Chang, L.H. & Nador, C. & Liseri, M. & Chelleri, , 2020. "Integration of mitigation and adaptation in urban climate change action plans in Europe: A systematic assessment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    9. Song, Malin & Wang, Jianlin & Zhao, Jiajia, 2023. "Effects of rising and extreme temperatures on production factor efficiency: Evidence from China's cities," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    10. P. P. Stoll & W. P. Pauw & F. Tohme & C. Grüning, 2021. "Mobilizing private adaptation finance: lessons learned from the Green Climate Fund," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 167(3), pages 1-19, August.

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