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Causes of drying trends in northern hemispheric land areas in reconstructed soil moisture data

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  • Brigitte Mueller
  • Xuebin Zhang

Abstract

The amount of soil moisture affects water availability, the occurrence of droughts and floods, and the frequency and intensity of heat waves in many regions across the globe. Here, we evaluate historical trends in soil moisture estimated by land-surface models (LSMs) with observed atmospheric forcing and trends simulated by global climate models participating in the Coupled Models Inter-comparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). We classify northern hemispheric land into wet and dry regions and analyze soil moisture changes in these regions. We find a significant decrease in soil moisture from 1951 to 2005 in the northern hemispheric land areas, in particular in dry regions, both in LSM and CMIP5 model simulations. Soil moisture trends in wet regions are less consistent among simulations. The increase in the area affected by drought (defined as the area where soil moisture is below its 10th percentile) from 1951 to 2005 is estimated to be 20 % (LSMs) and 30 % (CMIP5 models). A comparison between soil moisture simulated by LSMs and CMIP5 model output under different external forcings suggests that anthropogenic forcing contributed significantly to the observed drying and could explain the increase in the area affected by drought. As increases in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations will continue in the near future, dry areas are projected to become drier and larger in extent, which could negatively impact future water supply and food security. Copyright The Author(s) 2016

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  • Brigitte Mueller & Xuebin Zhang, 2016. "Causes of drying trends in northern hemispheric land areas in reconstructed soil moisture data," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 134(1), pages 255-267, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:climat:v:134:y:2016:i:1:p:255-267
    DOI: 10.1007/s10584-015-1499-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Yaoping Wang & Jiafu Mao & Forrest M. Hoffman & Céline J. W. Bonfils & Hervé Douville & Mingzhou Jin & Peter E. Thornton & Daniel M. Ricciuto & Xiaoying Shi & Haishan Chen & Stan D. Wullschleger & Shi, 2022. "Quantification of human contribution to soil moisture-based terrestrial aridity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Chunxiang Li & Tianbao Zhao & Kairan Ying, 2017. "Quantifying the contributions of anthropogenic and natural forcings to climate changes over arid-semiarid areas during 1946–2005," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 144(3), pages 505-517, October.

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