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Rozważania nad istotą klastrów

Author

Listed:
  • Cezary Główka

Abstract

Popularność pojęcia klaster znacznie przerosła wiedzę o tym zjawisku. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie tego fenomenu gospodarczego, zgodnie z definicją zaproponowaną przez twórcę koncepcji klastra – Michaela Portera. W artykule przywołano przykłady definicji klastra pochodzące z różnych prac badaczy tego zjawiska i skomentowano zgodność tych definicji ze źródłami. Rozważania o relacjach w środowisku klastrowym, przyczynach powstawania i dynamice rozwoju klastra, służą lepszemu zrozumieniu istoty tego zjawiska. Opierając się na metodzie pogłębionych krytycznych studiów literaturowych, autor przedstawia podstawowe elementy koncepcji klastra Michaela E. Portera, a także jej zalety, polegające na elastyczności jej stosowania i wykorzystania przy tworzeniu strategii rozwoju gospodarczego. Ta elastyczność stwarza jednak problemy związane z wychodzeniem poza ramy wyznaczone przez jej twórcę. Mnogość definicji i metod identyfikacji klastrów daje duże możliwości ich stosowania, lecz także duże problemy standaryzacyjne. Wzrost popularności klastrów wynika z tego, że są one coraz ważniejszym instrumentem stymulacji rozwoju gospodarczego, konieczne jest więc uporządkowanie chaosu, który wkradł się do stosowania koncepcji klastrów przez nadużycie jej elastyczności. Artykuł jest próbą uporządkowania dyskusji o klastrze, przez wskazanie w jego definicji najistotniejszych cech, z których wynika, że jest to samoistnie powstające w gospodarce zjawisko.

Suggested Citation

  • Cezary Główka, 2016. "Rozważania nad istotą klastrów," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 5, pages 91-113.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2016:i:5:p:91-113
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    koncepcja klastra; definicja klastra; zjawisko gospodarcze; identyfikacja klastra; potrójna helisa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A20 - General Economics and Teaching - - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics - - - General
    • B41 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Economic Methodology - - - Economic Methodology
    • O35 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Social Innovation
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General

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