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Выпускники Инженерно-Технических И Экономических Специальностей: Между Спросом И Предложением

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Варшавская Елена Яковлевна - доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры управления человеческими ресурсами, факультет бизнеса и менеджмента, Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики". E-mail: evarshavskaya@hse.ruКотырло Елена Станиславовна - доктор экономических наук, доцент департамента прикладной экономики, факультет экономических наук, Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики". E-mail: ekotyrlo@hse.ruАдрес: 101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, 20.На основании микроданных Федерального наблюдения трудоустройства выпускников, получивших среднее профессиональное и высшее образование в 2010-2015 гг., проведенного Росстатом в апреле-сентябре 2016 г., анализируется переход "учеба - работа" у выпускников инженерно-технических и экономических специальностей. Успешность этого перехода рассматривается как показатель соотношения предложения и спроса на их труд. Методы исследования - дескриптивный и регрессионный анализ.Анализ статистических данных на макроуровне показал, что численность специалистов инженерно-технического профиля, получивших высшее образование в 1990-2000-х годах, превышала число специалистов, покидающих рынок труда по возрасту. Рост агрегированного предложения труда работников с инженерной подготовкой в пореформенный период происходил на фоне сжатия спроса на их труд, связанного главным образом с существенным сокращением числа занятых в промышленности.Установлено, что шансы найти работу, продолжительность ее поиска, показатели соответствия первой работы уровню и профилю образования фактически одинаковы для молодых дипломированных инженеров и экономистов. Размеры их стартовой зарплаты также статистически не различаются. Тем самым не получило подтверждения предположение о высоком неудовлетворенном спросе на специалистов в области техники и технологии и об избыточном предложении специалистов в области экономики и управления. Показано, что декларируемый дефицит специалистов инженерного профиля не связан с недостатком их предложения на макроуровне. Выводы исследования могут быть использованы при формировании программ развития высшего образования на федеральном и региональном уровне.

Suggested Citation

  • Варшавская Е. Я. & Котырло Е. С., 2019. "Выпускники Инженерно-Технических И Экономических Специальностей: Между Спросом И Предложением," Вопросы образования // Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 2, pages 98-128.
    • Handle: RePEc:scn:voprob:2019:i:2:p:98-128
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