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The role of tripartite concertation in the reform of the welfare state

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  • Bernhard Ebbinghaus
  • Anke Hassel

Abstract

Tripartite concertation, which has reappeared in several European countries, plays an important role in the current process of welfare reform. This article discusses the need to combine three different policy aims via social pacts between government, employers and trade unions: reducing labour costs, improving work incentives and increasing labour market flexibility. The article analyses two examples of successful social pacts: the Netherlands and Italy, both countries that first found a consensus on wage policy and then moved on to further reforms of welfare and employment policies. Thereafter, two examples of uncoordinated reform policies are discussed: Germany and France. We argue that two factors are particularly important for the success of concerted reform policies: the co-ordination capacity of collective organisations and the credible threat potential of state intervention in collective bargaining and social insurance governance. Résumé La concertation tripartite, qui est réapparue dans plusieurs pays européens, joue un rôle important dans le processus actuel de la réforme de l'état providence. Cet article soulève la nécessité de combiner, via des pactes sociaux entre le gouvernement, les employeurs et les syndicats, trois objectifs politiques différents: réduire les coûts du travail, améliorer la motivation au travail et augmenter la flexibilité du marché du travail. L'article analyse deux exemples de pactes sociaux réussis: aux Pays-Bas et en Italie, deux pays qui ont d'abord trouvé un consensus sur la politique salariale et ensuite entrepris des réformes des politiques en matière d'emploi et de sécurité sociale. Par la suite, deux cas de politique de réforme non coordonnée sont discutés: ceux de l'Allemagne et de la France. Les auteurs affirment que deux facteurs sont particulièrement importants pour le succès des politiques concertées portant sur la réforme: la capacité de coordination des organisations collectives et le potentiel de crédible d'intervention de l'Etat dans les négociations collectives et la gestion de la sécurité sociale. Zusammenfassung Konzertierungen zwischen Regierungen und Tarifparteien, die in den letzten Jahren in mehreren europäischen Ländern wieder zu beobachten sind, spielen in der Reform der Wohlfahrtsstaaten eine wichtige Rolle. Regierungen, Arbeitgeberverbdnde und Gewerkschaften versuchen, durch die Vereinbarung sogenannter sozialer Pakte drei unterschiedliche politische Ziele zu kombinieren: die Reduzierung von Arbeitskosten, die Verbesserung von Anreizen zur Arbeitsaufnahme und die Flexibilisierung der Arbeitsmärkte. Der Beitrag analysiert zwei Beispiele erfolgreicher sozialer Pakte: die Niederlande und Italien. In beiden Ländern wurde zunächst ein Konsens in der Lohnpolitik erzielt und später weitergehende Reformen in der Sozial- und Arbeitspolitik durchgeführt. Anschlieβend werden zwei Länder unkoordinierter Reformpolitik am Beispiel Deutschlands und Frankreichs dargestellt. Zwei Faktoren werden als besonders bedeutsam für den Erfolg konzertierter Politik herausgearbeitet: die Handlungsfähigkeit der Verbände und die glaubwürdige Androhung staatlicher Intervention in die Tarifpolitik und die Systeme sozialer Sicherung.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernhard Ebbinghaus & Anke Hassel, 1999. "The role of tripartite concertation in the reform of the welfare state," Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, , vol. 5(1-2), pages 64-81, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:treure:v:5:y:1999:i:1-2:p:64-81
    DOI: 10.1177/102425899900500106
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    1. Schmitter, P.C. & Grote, J.R., 1997. "The Corporatist Sisyphus: Past, Present and Future," Papers 97/4, European Institute - Political and Social Sciences.
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