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Hierarchical Regression Models for Interviewer and Respondent Effects

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  • J. J. HOX

    (University of Amsterdam)

Abstract

It is generally recognized that interviewers may have an important effect on the quality of the data collected in survey research. This article presents an application of the hierarchical regression model in the analysis of interviewer effects. The hierarchical regression model offers an elegant way of analyzing the simultaneous effects of specific interviewer and respondent characteristics. It is especially attractive if the research design does not provide for a random assignment of respondents to interviewers, because it allows the researcher to use statistical rather than experimental control by modeling the interviewer effects conditional on the respondent effects.

Suggested Citation

  • J. J. Hox, 1994. "Hierarchical Regression Models for Interviewer and Respondent Effects," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 22(3), pages 300-318, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:somere:v:22:y:1994:i:3:p:300-318
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124194022003002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wil Dijkstra, 1983. "How interviewer variance can bias the results of research on interviewer effects," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 17(3), pages 179-187, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sigrid Haunberger, 2010. "The effects of interviewer, respondent and area characteristics on cooperation in panel surveys: a multilevel approach," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 44(5), pages 957-969, August.
    2. Min Gong & David Aadland, 2011. "Interview Effects in an Environmental Valuation Telephone Survey," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 49(1), pages 47-64, May.
    3. Schrapler, Jorg-Peter, 2003. "Respondent behaviour in panel studies: a case study for income-nonresponse by means of the British Household Panel Study (BHPS)," ISER Working Paper Series 2003-08, Institute for Social and Economic Research.
    4. Jörg-Peter Schräpler & Jürgen Schupp & Gert G. Wagner, 2013. "Conversion of Non-Respondents in an Ongoing Panel Survey: The Case of the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP)," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 626, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    5. Diego Monferrer & José Ramón Segarra & Marta Estrada & Miguel Ángel Moliner, 2019. "Service Quality and Customer Loyalty in a Post-Crisis Context. Prediction-Oriented Modeling to Enhance the Particular Importance of a Social and Sustainable Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-27, September.
    6. Adrian Chadi, 2019. "Dissatisfied with life or with being interviewed? Happiness and the motivation to participate in a survey," Social Choice and Welfare, Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 53(3), pages 519-553, October.
    7. Yue, Ting & Long, Ruyin & Chen, Hong, 2013. "Factors influencing energy-saving behavior of urban households in Jiangsu Province," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 665-675.
    8. Martin Kroh, 2004. "Intervieweffekte bei der Erhebung des Körpergewichts: die Qualität von umfragebasierten Gewichtsangaben," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 439, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    9. Schräpler, Jörg-Peter & Schupp, Jürgen & Wagner, Gert G., 2010. "Changing from PAPI to CAPI: Introducing CAPI in a Longitudinal Study," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 26(2), pages 239-269.
    10. Moliner, Miguel Ángel & Fandos, Juan Carlos & Monferrer, Diego & Estrada, Marta, 2020. "Entity crisis, halo effect and loyalty," Cuadernos de Gestión, Universidad del País Vasco - Instituto de Economía Aplicada a la Empresa (IEAE).
    11. Jan Pickery & Geert Loosveldt, 2002. "A Multilevel Multinomial Analysis of Interviewer Effects on Various Components of Unit Nonresponse," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 36(4), pages 427-437, November.
    12. Farris, Jennifer A. & Van Aken, Eileen M. & Doolen, Toni L. & Worley, June, 2009. "Critical success factors for human resource outcomes in Kaizen events: An empirical study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(1), pages 42-65, January.
    13. Ian Brunton-Smith & Patrick Sturgis & George Leckie, 2017. "Detecting and understanding interviewer effects on survey data by using a cross-classified mixed effects location–scale model," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 180(2), pages 551-568, February.
    14. Jörg-Peter Schräpler, 2001. "Respondent Behavior in Panel Studies: A Case Study of the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP)," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 244, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    15. Jan Pickery & Geert Loosveldt, 1998. "The Impact of Respondent and Interviewer Characteristics on the Number of “No Opinion” Answers," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 32(1), pages 31-45, February.

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