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A General Statistical Framework for Adjustment of Rates

Author

Listed:
  • CLIFFORD C. CLOGG

    (Pennsylvania State University)

  • JAMES W. SHOCKEY

    (University of Arizona)

  • SCOTT R. ELIASON

    (University of Iowa)

Abstract

A general framework is presented that integrates standardization procedures common in demography, biometrics, and other areas with statistical methodology for the analysis of log-linear models. A family of rate-adjustment methods is derived from the log-linear model; the conventional method of direct standardization is a special case. Extensions of earlier methods include (a) adjustment for three-factor interaction, (b) adjustment for marginal association between composition and group, (c) adjustments that use a standard group, and (d) adjustments that control for both marginal composition-group interaction and three-factor interaction. Statistical inference for adjusted rates is facilitated in several ways: (a) by presenting key hypotheses that can be tested routinely with log-linear methods, (b) by efficient point and interval estimation of rates, (c) by assessing the sampling variability of absolute or relative comparisons of rates across groups, and (d) by smoothing the data. Examples illustrate the flexibility of the proposed framework.

Suggested Citation

  • Clifford C. Clogg & James W. Shockey & Scott R. Eliason, 1990. "A General Statistical Framework for Adjustment of Rates," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 19(2), pages 156-195, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:somere:v:19:y:1990:i:2:p:156-195
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124190019002002
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Clifford Clogg, 1978. "Adjustment of rates using multiplicative models," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 15(4), pages 523-539, November.
    2. Tim Liao, 1989. "A Flexible Approach for the Decomposition of Rate Differences," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 26(4), pages 717-726, November.
    3. Prithwis Gupta, 1978. "A general method of decomposing a difference between two rates into several components," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 15(1), pages 99-112, February.
    4. Clifford Clogg & James Shockey, 1985. "The effect of changing demographic composition on recent trends in underemployment," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 22(3), pages 395-414, August.
    5. Yu Xie, 1989. "An Alternative Purging Method: Controlling the Composition-Dependent Interaction in an Analysis of Rates," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 26(4), pages 711-716, November.
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