IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/sagope/v13y2023i4p21582440231218795.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Like Performance, Perfect Match: Role of Past Performance in Venture Capital Syndication

Author

Listed:
  • Zhiyi Qiu
  • Bingyi Liu
  • Ye Yang

Abstract

Syndication among venture capital firms (VCFs) is increasingly prevailing in recent years, especially in emerging markets like China. Some of the VCFs have to syndicate with “worse performers†despite the “better performer preference.†The primary aim of this article is to contribute to our understanding of the impact performance gap among syndicated VCFs on formulation and duration of syndicate. The data consist of over 295,000 pair of VCFs syndicated in China mainland from 2000 to 2020. We find the negative effect of performance gap on the propensity of syndication with self-categorization of VCFs as the moderator. The key contribution of this paper is to test the significance of homogenous performance in syndication. This study advances the knowledge of agency in collaboration and sheds new light on organizational performance feedback in venture capital markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhiyi Qiu & Bingyi Liu & Ye Yang, 2023. "Like Performance, Perfect Match: Role of Past Performance in Venture Capital Syndication," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:13:y:2023:i:4:p:21582440231218795
    DOI: 10.1177/21582440231218795
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21582440231218795
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/21582440231218795?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bubna, Amit & Das, Sanjiv R. & Prabhala, Nagpurnanand, 2020. "Venture Capital Communities," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 55(2), pages 621-651, March.
    2. Na Dai & Rajarishi Nahata, 2016. "Cultural differences and cross-border venture capital syndication," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 47(2), pages 140-169, February.
    3. Anthony Goerzen & Paul W. Beamish, 2005. "The effect of alliance network diversity on multinational enterprise performance," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(4), pages 333-354, April.
    4. Fatih Çetin & Duysal Aşkun, 2018. "The effect of occupational self-efficacy on work performance through intrinsic work motivation," Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 41(2), pages 186-201, March.
    5. Navid Asgari & Kulwant Singh & Will Mitchell, 2017. "Alliance portfolio reconfiguration following a technological discontinuity," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(5), pages 1062-1081, May.
    6. James A. Brander & Raphael Amit & Werner Antweiler, 2002. "Venture‐Capital Syndication: Improved Venture Selection vs. The Value‐Added Hypothesis," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(3), pages 423-452, September.
    7. Owen, Sian & Yawson, Alfred, 2013. "Information asymmetry and international strategic alliances," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(10), pages 3890-3903.
    8. Randi Lunnan & Sven A. Haugland, 2008. "Predicting and measuring alliance performance: a multidimensional analysis," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(5), pages 545-556, May.
    9. Stephen J. Smulowitz & Horacio E. Rousseau & Philip Bromiley, 2020. "The behavioral theory of the (community‐oriented) firm: The differing response of community‐oriented firms to performance relative to aspirations," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(6), pages 1023-1053, June.
    10. Douglas J. Cumming, 2006. "The Determinants of Venture Capital Portfolio Size: Empirical Evidence," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 79(3), pages 1083-1126, May.
    11. Deng, Ziliang & Li, Tingting & Liesch, Peter W., 2022. "Performance shortfalls and outward foreign direct investment by MNE subsidiaries: Evidence from China," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(3).
    12. Lerner, Josh, 1995. "Venture Capitalists and the Oversight of Private Firms," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(1), pages 301-318, March.
    13. Ulrich Hege & Frédéric Palomino & Armin Schwienbacher, 2009. "Venture Capital Performance: The Disparity Between Europe and the United States," Finance, Presses universitaires de Grenoble, vol. 30(1), pages 7-50.
    14. Gorman, Michael & Sahlman, William A., 1989. "What do venture capitalists do?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 4(4), pages 231-248, July.
    15. Henrich R. Greve, 2003. "Investment and the behavioral theory of the firm: evidence from shipbuilding," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 12(5), pages 1051-1076, October.
    16. Fatih Çetin & Duysal Aşkun, 2018. "The effect of occupational self-efficacy on work performance through intrinsic work motivation," Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 41(2), pages 186-201, March.
    17. Das, Sanjiv R. & Jo, Hoje & Kim, Yongtae, 2011. "Polishing diamonds in the rough: The sources of syndicated venture performance," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 199-230, April.
    18. Yael V. Hochberg & Alexander Ljungqvist & Yang Lu, 2007. "Whom You Know Matters: Venture Capital Networks and Investment Performance," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 62(1), pages 251-301, February.
    19. Korcan Kavusan & Hans T. W. Frankort, 2019. "A behavioral theory of alliance portfolio reconfiguration: Evidence from pharmaceutical biotechnology," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(10), pages 1668-1702, October.
    20. Liangyong Wan & Rui Li & Yujiao Chen, 2022. "Negative performance feedback and corporate venture capital: The moderating effect of CEO overconfidence," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(16), pages 1829-1843, April.
    21. Aleenajitpong, Natdanai & Leemakdej, Arnat, 2021. "Venture Capital Networks in Southeast Asia: Network characteristics and cohesive subgroups," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    22. Zhiyi Qiu & Rong Chen & Ye Yang, 2021. "Going Abroad, Friends on Board: Cross-Border Venture Capital and Syndication Strategy in China," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, April.
    23. Dirk Engel, 2004. "The Performance of Venture-Backed Firms: The Effect of Venture Capital Company Characteristics," Industry and Innovation, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(3), pages 249-263.
    24. Keith Arundale, 2020. "Syndication and cross-border collaboration by venture capital firms in Europe and the USA: a comparative study," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 355-376, October.
    25. Bygrave, William D., 1987. "Syndicated investments by venture capital firms: A networking perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 2(2), pages 139-154.
    26. Ruihua Joy Jiang & Qingjiu Tom Tao & Michael D. Santoro, 2010. "Alliance portfolio diversity and firm performance," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(10), pages 1136-1144, October.
    27. Xiaowei Luo & Lina Deng, 2009. "Do Birds of a Feather Flock Higher? The Effects of Partner Similarity on Innovation in Strategic Alliances in Knowledge‐Intensive Industries," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(6), pages 1005-1030, September.
    28. Miguel Meuleman & Mike Wright & Sophie Manigart & Andy Lockett, 2009. "Private Equity Syndication: Agency Costs, Reputation and Collaboration," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(5‐6), pages 616-644, June.
    29. Cheng, Chun-Yun & Tang, Ming-Je, 2019. "Partner-selection effects on venture capital investment performance with uncertainties," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 242-252.
    30. Gwendolyn K. Lee, 2007. "The significance of network resources in the race to enter emerging product markets: the convergence of telephony communications and computer networking, 1989–2001," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 17-37, January.
    31. Wang, Pengfei, 2017. "Syndication and Foreignness: Venture Capital Investments in Emerging and Developed Markets," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 1-15.
    32. Miguel Meuleman & Mike Wright & Sophie Manigart & Andy Lockett, 2009. "Private Equity Syndication: Agency Costs, Reputation and Collaboration," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(5-6), pages 616-644.
    33. Andrew V. Shipilov & Stan Xiao Li & Henrich R. Greve, 2011. "The Prince and the Pauper: Search and Brokerage in the Initiation of Status-Heterophilous Ties," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 22(6), pages 1418-1434, December.
    34. Kobarg, Sebastian & Stumpf-Wollersheim, Jutta & Welpe, Isabell M., 2019. "More is not always better: Effects of collaboration breadth and depth on radical and incremental innovation performance at the project level," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 1-10.
    35. Yanfeng Zheng & Jun Xia, 2018. "Resource Dependence and Network Relations: A Test of Venture Capital Investment Termination in China," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(2), pages 295-319, March.
    36. Nahata, Rajarishi & Hazarika, Sonali & Tandon, Kishore, 2014. "Success in Global Venture Capital Investing: Do Institutional and Cultural Differences Matter?," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 49(4), pages 1039-1070, August.
    37. Jeffrey H. Dyer & Wujin Chu, 2003. "The Role of Trustworthiness in Reducing Transaction Costs and Improving Performance: Empirical Evidence from the United States, Japan, and Korea," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 14(1), pages 57-68, February.
    38. Alex Makarevich, 2018. "Performance feedback as a cooperation “switch”: A behavioral perspective on the success of venture capital syndicates among competitors," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(12), pages 3247-3272, December.
    39. Balaji R. Koka & John E. Prescott, 2008. "Designing alliance networks: the influence of network position, environmental change, and strategy on firm performance," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(6), pages 639-661, June.
    40. Irina Surdu & Henrich R. Greve & Gabriel R. G. Benito, 2021. "Back to basics: Behavioral theory and internationalization," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(6), pages 1047-1068, August.
    41. Daniela P. Blettner & Zi-Lin He & Songcui Hu & Richard A. Bettis, 2015. "Adaptive aspirations and performance heterogeneity: Attention allocation among multiple reference points," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(7), pages 987-1005, July.
    42. Lockett, Andy & Wright, Mike, 2001. "The syndication of venture capital investments," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 29(5), pages 375-390, October.
    43. Estrada, Isabel & Faems, Dries & Martin Cruz, Natalia & Perez Santana, Pilar, 2016. "The role of interpartner dissimilarities in Industry-University alliances: Insights from a comparative case study," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(10), pages 2008-2022.
    44. Dirk De Clercq & Dimo Dimov, 2008. "Internal Knowledge Development and External Knowledge Access in Venture Capital Investment Performance," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(3), pages 585-612, May.
    45. Brinster, Leonhard & Tykvová, Tereza, 2021. "Connected VCs and strategic alliances: Evidence from biotech companies," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    46. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2001. "The Venture Capital Revolution," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 145-168, Spring.
    47. Joshua Lerner, 1994. "The Syndication of Venture Capital Investments," Financial Management, Financial Management Association, vol. 23(3), Fall.
    48. Luca Berchicci & Murat Tarakci, 2022. "Aspiration formation and attention rules," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(8), pages 1575-1601, August.
    49. Ref, Ohad & Feldman, Naomi E. & Iyer, Dinesh N & Shapira, Zur, 2021. "Entry into new foreign markets: Performance feedback and opportunity costs," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 56(6).
    50. Peter J. Lane & Jane E. Salk & Marjorie A. Lyles, 2001. "Absorptive capacity, learning, and performance in international joint ventures," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(12), pages 1139-1161, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Jing & Zhang, Wei & Schwab, Andreas, 2024. "Interorganizational triads for foreign-market entry: Partnerships among Western, bridge-economy, and local VCs in Mainland China," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 39(1).
    2. Hu, Xiao & Wang, Jiayi & Wu, Banggang, 2022. "Venture capital firms’ lead orientation, network position, and selection of familiar syndicate partners," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    3. Prothit Sen & Phanish Puranam, 2022. "Do Alliance portfolios encourage or impede new business practice adoption? Theory and evidence from the private equity industry," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(11), pages 2279-2312, November.
    4. Schilder, Dirk, 2007. "Venture capital syndicate networks: the determinants of interconnectedness," Freiberg Working Papers 2007/03, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    5. Santiago Mingo & Francisco Morales & Luis Alfonso Dau, 2018. "The interplay of national distances and regional networks: Private equity investments in emerging markets," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(3), pages 371-386, April.
    6. Massimo G. Colombo & Douglas Cumming & Ali Mohammadi & Cristina Rossi-Lamastra & Anu Wadhwa, 2016. "Open business models and venture capital finance," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 25(2), pages 353-370.
    7. Martínez-Noya, Andrea & García-Canal, Esteban, 2021. "Innovation performance feedback and technological alliance portfolio diversity: The moderating role of firms’ R&D intensity," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(9).
    8. Christian Hopp & Christian Lukas, 2014. "A Signaling Perspective on Partner Selection in Venture Capital Syndicates," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(3), pages 635-670, May.
    9. Dimitris Christopoulos & Stefan Koeppl & Monika Köppl-Turyna, 2022. "Syndication networks and company survival: evidence from European venture capital deals," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(2), pages 105-135, April.
    10. Rin, Marco Da & Hellmann, Thomas & Puri, Manju, 2013. "A Survey of Venture Capital Research," Handbook of the Economics of Finance, in: G.M. Constantinides & M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 573-648, Elsevier.
    11. Violetta Bacon-Gerasymenko & Jonathan D. Arthurs & Sam Y. Cho, 2020. "How and When Investment Horizons Determine Venture Capital Firms’ Attention Breadth to Portfolio Companies," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 44(3), pages 475-503, May.
    12. Miguel Meuleman & Andy Lockett & Sophie Manigart & Mike Wright, 2010. "Partner Selection Decisions in Interfirm Collaborations: The Paradox of Relational Embeddedness," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(6), pages 995-1019, September.
    13. Hu, Xiao & Wang, Jiayi & Wu, Banggang & Xiang, Shuting, 2023. "Venture capital firms' lead orientation and entry to new investment markets," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    14. Kang, Jun-Koo & Li, Yingxiang & Oh, Seungjoon, 2022. "Venture Capital Coordination in Syndicates, Corporate Monitoring, and Firm Performance," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    15. Christian Hopp, 2010. "When do venture capitalists collaborate? Evidence on the driving forces of venture capital syndication," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 35(4), pages 417-431, November.
    16. Johannes Wallmeroth & Peter Wirtz & Alexander Peter Groh, 2017. "Institutional Seed Financing, Angel Financing, and Crowdfunding of Entrepreneurial Ventures: A Literature Review," Working Papers hal-01527999, HAL.
    17. Meuleman, Miguel & Wright, Mike, 2011. "Cross-border private equity syndication: Institutional context and learning," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 35-48, January.
    18. Michel Ferrary, 2010. "Syndication of Venture Capital Investment: The Art of Resource Pooling," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 34(5), pages 885-908, September.
    19. Thomas Keil & Markku V.J. Maula & Cameron Wilson, 2010. "Unique Resources of Corporate Venture Capitalists as a Key to Entry into Rigid Venture Capital Syndication Networks," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 34(1), pages 83-103, January.
    20. Lei Zhang, 2019. "Founders Matter! Serial Entrepreneurs and Venture Capital Syndicate Formation," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 43(5), pages 974-998, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:13:y:2023:i:4:p:21582440231218795. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.