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Revisiting Opportunism in Civil Conflict: Natural Resource Extraction and Health Care Provision

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  • Justin Conrad
  • Liana Eustacia Reyes
  • Megan A. Stewart

Abstract

What is the relationship between natural resources and rebel governance? Previous studies have argued that resource rich groups have fewer incentives to provide social services. We argue, however, that even well-funded rebels may have incentives to provide some social services to civilians. Specifically, rebel groups profiting from the extraction of natural resources should be more likely to offer health care services as a means of ensuring a dependable civilian workforce than groups who do not profit from natural resources. Using data on both the extraction of natural resources and social service provision by rebel groups, we find strong empirical evidence to support our argument. We conclude with implications for scholars and policymakers.

Suggested Citation

  • Justin Conrad & Liana Eustacia Reyes & Megan A. Stewart, 2022. "Revisiting Opportunism in Civil Conflict: Natural Resource Extraction and Health Care Provision," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 66(1), pages 91-114, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jocore:v:66:y:2022:i:1:p:91-114
    DOI: 10.1177/00220027211025597
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Robinson, James A. & Torvik, Ragnar & Verdier, Thierry, 2006. "Political foundations of the resource curse," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(2), pages 447-468, April.
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    7. Mara Redlich Revkin, 2021. "Competitive Governance and Displacement Decisions Under Rebel Rule: Evidence from the Islamic State in Iraq," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 65(1), pages 46-80, January.
    8. Kalyvas, Stathis N. & Balcells, Laia, 2010. "International System and Technologies of Rebellion: How the End of the Cold War Shaped Internal Conflict," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 104(3), pages 415-429, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Yufei & Liao, Zhongju, 2023. "Functional industrial policy mechanism under natural resource conflict: A case study on the Chinese new energy vehicle industry," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).

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