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The Fate of Former Authoritarian Elites Under Democracy

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  • Michael Albertus

Abstract

Why do some former authoritarian elites return to power after democratization through reelection or reappointment to political office, or by assuming board positions in state-owned or major private enterprises, whereas others do not and still others face punishment? This article investigates this question using an original data set on constitutional origins and the fate of the upper echelon of outgoing authoritarian elites across Latin America from 1900 to 2015. I find that authoritarian elites from outgoing regimes that impose a holdover constitution that sticks through democratization are more likely to regain political or economic power—especially through national positions where the potential payoffs are largest—and less likely to face severe or nominal punishment. I also find a positive role for political capital among former elites. These results are robust to alternative explanations of authoritarian elites’ fate and using instrumental variables to address potential endogeneity. The findings have important implications for democratic consolidation and quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Albertus, 2019. "The Fate of Former Authoritarian Elites Under Democracy," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 63(3), pages 727-759, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jocore:v:63:y:2019:i:3:p:727-759
    DOI: 10.1177/0022002718761791
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Wood,Elisabeth Jean, 2000. "Forging Democracy from Below," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521788878, January.
    5. Robert P. Inman & Daniel L. Rubinfeld, 2005. "Federalism and the Democratic Transition: Lessons from South Africa," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 95(2), pages 39-43, May.
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