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Ethnic Minority Unemployment and Local Labour Market Conditions in Great Britain

Author

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  • E A Fieldhouse

    (Cathie Marsh Centre for Census and Survey Research, Faculty of Economic and Social Studies, University of Manchester M13 9PL, England)

  • M I Gould

    (Research and Development Support Unit, Education Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Portsmouth P03 6AD, England)

Abstract

British ethnic minority unemployment rates are considerably higher than those of the white population. In 1991 the ethnic minority unemployment rate was more than double that of the white majority. One possible explanation is that Britain's ethnic minorities are concentrated in areas of economic disadvantage. The authors use the 2% Individual Sample of Anonymised Records (SAR) in conjunction with area-based census data for pseudo travel-to-work areas, to explore the relative importance of individual characteristics and area characteristics on ethnic minority unemployment rates. Multilevel modelling techniques are employed to estimate simultaneously variations between individuals and between areas after allowing for variables measured at both levels of analysis. The most important differences in the propensity to unemployment are shown to be between individuals, and, compared with whites, ethnic minority groups are shown to be disadvantaged wherever they live. In general, there is also evidence of greater variation in ethnic minority unemployment between areas than there is for whites. However, there is the same underlying geography of unemployment for the black and white populations, but a slightly different pattern for Asian ethnic groups. These differences can be explained only partially by area-level characteristics. In all, it is argued that at the spatial scale which is identifiable in the Individual SAR, ethnic minority unemployment cannot be attributed to geographical distribution, though data at a finer geographical scale are needed to test this hypothesis more fully.

Suggested Citation

  • E A Fieldhouse & M I Gould, 1998. "Ethnic Minority Unemployment and Local Labour Market Conditions in Great Britain," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 30(5), pages 833-853, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:30:y:1998:i:5:p:833-853
    DOI: 10.1068/a300833
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Richard B. Freeman & Harry J. Holzer, 1986. "The Black Youth Employment Crisis," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number free86-1.
    2. Freeman, Richard B. & Holzer, Harry J. (ed.), 1986. "The Black Youth Employment Crisis," National Bureau of Economic Research Books, University of Chicago Press, number 9780226261645.
    3. Gould, Myles I. & Jones, Kelvyn, 1996. "Analyzing perceived limiting long-term illness using U.K. census microdata," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 42(6), pages 857-869, March.
    4. Harry J. Holzer, 1991. "The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis: What Has the Evidence Shown?," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 28(1), pages 105-122, February.
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    1. Church, A. & Frost, M. & Sullivan, K., 2000. "Transport and social exclusion in London," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 195-205, July.
    2. Michael Shields & Allan Wailoo, "undated". "Unhappiness and Involuntary Unemployment: The Case of Ethnic Minority Men in Britain," Discussion Papers in Public Sector Economics 99/1, Division of Economics, School of Business, University of Leicester.

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