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L’apport du NATREX à la modélisation des taux de change d’équilibre : théorie et application au dollar canadien

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  • Rey, Serge

    (Université Pierre-Mendès-France Grenoble 2, Centre d’analyse théorique et de traitement des données économiques, Université de Pau)

Abstract

The exchange rate misalignments, i.e. the over/under evaluation of currencies, remain at the heart of discussions of international finance. To define and to measure these misalignments, it’s necessary to refer to an equilibrium exchange rate. We consider that the relevant model must meet certain requirements, which relate to both the theoretical and operational content. On the theoretical level, the model must: firstly explain the dynamics of real exchange rates, distinguishing in particular the medium and long run equilibrium, and secondly take into account the interaction between the exchange rate and the external debt. We show that standard models of literature, the PPP, FEER and BEER, only partially meet these requirements, whereas the NATREX today represents the most sophisticated approach. We conduct an empirical application to the case of the Canadian dollar from the three reference models, the FEER, the BEER and the NATREX over the period 1970Q1-2008Q3. We deduce the corresponding value for the nominal exchange rate equilibrium in the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar. We conclude that NATREX is a useful guide for the monetary authorities and the private operators. Résumé : L’analyse des mésalignements des taux de change, sur/sous-évaluations des monnaies, reste au coeur des débats de la finance internationale. Or, ces mésalignements ne peuvent être définis et mesurés qu’en référence à un taux de change d’équilibre. On considère que le modèle pertinent doit répondre à certaines exigences, qui relèvent à la fois du contenu théorique et du caractère opérationnel. Au niveau théorique ce modèle devra s’attacher d’une part à expliquer la dynamique des taux de change réels, en distinguant notamment les équilibres de moyen et long terme; d’autre part à rendre compte de l’interaction taux de change-dette externe. On montre que les modèles standard de la littérature que sont la PPA, le modèle FEER et le modèle BEER, ne répondent que partiellement à ces exigences, et qu’a contrario, le NATREX constitue à ce jour l’approche la plus élaborée. On procède à une application empirique au cas du dollar canadien à partir des trois modèles de référence, le FEER, le BEER et le NATREX, sur la période débutant au 1er trimestre de 1970 et se terminant au 3e trimestre de 2008. On en déduit les valeurs correspondantes pour le taux de change nominal d’équilibre du dollar canadien contre dollar américain. On conclut que le NATREX constitue un guide utile pour les autorités monétaires, comme pour les opérateurs privés.

Suggested Citation

  • Rey, Serge, 2009. "L’apport du NATREX à la modélisation des taux de change d’équilibre : théorie et application au dollar canadien," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 85(2), pages 131-181, juin.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:0013
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    1. Cécile Couharde & Serge Rey & Audrey Sallenave, 2016. "External debt and real exchange rates’ adjustment in the euro area: new evidence from a nonlinear NATREX model," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(11), pages 966-986, March.
    2. Cécile Couharde & Serge Rey & Audrey Sallenave, 2016. "External debt and real exchange rates’ adjustment in the euro area: new evidence from a nonlinear NATREX model," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(11), pages 966-986, March.

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