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Le concept de chômage involontaire : de Keynes aux nouveaux keynésiens

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  • Michel De Vroey

Abstract

[fre] Le concept de chômage involontaire, de Keynes aux nouveaux keynésiens. . L' objectif de la présente étude est de réfléchir sur l'évolution des idées quant à l'acceptabilité du concept de chômage involontaire à l'intérieur de la théorie néo­classique. Dans une première partie, je propose ma propre reconstruction du projet global mis en œuvre par Keynes dans la Théorie générale. Dans la deuxième, j'évoque la difficulté fondamentale que ce projet rencontre. Dans la troisième, il est avancé que le résultat de chômage involontaire n' est obtenu ni dans la Théorie générale ni dans les premiers modèles keynésiens à la Hick-Modigliani. La qua­trième partie est consacrée à une discussion des conceptions de Patinkin et Clower, ainsi qu' à la synthèse de celles-ci proposée par Barro et Grossman. Dans la cinquième, j'évalue l'offensive anti-keynésienne, menée par Friedman et Lucas. La sixième partie évoque la signification du chômage involontaire dans quelques écrits « nouveaux keynésiens ». [eng] Involuntary unemployment from Keynes to the new keynesians. . The objective of the present study is to reflect upon the evolution of Keynesian theory, by recounting the evolution of ideas regarding the theoretical acceptability of the involuntary unemployment concept. Its first part presents my own reconstruction of the theoretical project Keynes set himself forth in his General Theory. In the second part, I look at the fundamental difficulty encountered with this project. In the third part I argue that the involuntary unemployment result is obtained neither in the General Theory, nor in the standard IS-LM models. The fourth part is devoted to a discussion of Patinkin and Clower's acceptation of involuntary unem­ployment as well as Barro and Grossman's synthesis of their views. In the fifth part, I evaluate the anti-Keynsian offensive spearheaded by Friedman and Lucas. In the sixth part, I look at the significance of involuntary unemployment in some 'new Keynesian' models.

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  • Michel De Vroey, 1997. "Le concept de chômage involontaire : de Keynes aux nouveaux keynésiens," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 48(6), pages 1381-1408.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1997_num_48_6_409946
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1997.409946
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1997.409946
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    1. Michel De Vroey, 2000. "La structure logique de la Théorie générale de Keynes. Une critique de Benetti," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 36(1), pages 127-141.
    2. Michel De Vroey, 2001. "L'histoire des théories économiques sous le prisme de l'hétérodoxie. Une analyse critique de l'Histoire de la pensée économique de Ghislain Deleplace," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 38(1), pages 115-133.
    3. Christophe Lavialle, 2001. "L'épistémologie de Keynes et "l'hypothèse Wittgenstein" : La cohérence logique de la Théorie Générale de l'emploi, de l'intérêt et de la monnaie," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 38(1), pages 25-64.

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