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L'indicateur EU2020 de suivi de la pauvreté et de l'exclusion : une analyse critique

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  • Bertrand Maître
  • Brian Nolan
  • Christopher T. Whelan

Abstract

[fre] La réduction de la pauvreté et de l’exclusion sociale est un des objectifs de la stratégie 2020 de l’Union européenne. Le bien fondé et le succès d’une telle politique nécessitent le choix d’indicateurs pertinents permettant non seulement de saisir les écarts de pauvreté . entre pays mais également d’identifier, pour chaque pays, les groupes d’individus . auxquels les politiques sociales doivent prêter une attention particulière. Le ciblage retenu dans la stratégie européenne combine trois critères. Il retient les personnes qui . vivent dans les ménages situés en dessous du seuil de pauvreté monétaire, mais aussi . les personnes pauvres «en conditions de vie » qui vivent en situation de privation matérielle extrême ainsi que celles qui vivent dans des ménages où l’intensité de travail est très faible ou nulle. Nous montrons dans un premier temps que ni l’union ni l’intersection de ces trois critères ne produisent une mesure ou un objectif adéquats de lutte contre la pauvreté. Nous proposons donc un concept alternatif de pauvreté dite «consistante » (consistent poverty) . qui cible les personnes vivant à la fois en dessous du seuil de pauvreté monétaire et au‑dessus d’un certain niveau de privation matérielle. Le module spécial de privation matérielle de la base de données EU‑Silc 2009 permet d’examiner deux versions de cette notion de privation : la mesure de privation «sévère » actuellement utilisée par l’Union européenne qui utilise un seuil à quatre items et une mesure alternative de privation matérielle «élémentaire » avec un seuil à trois items. L’intersection de notre critère de privation élémentaire à trois items et du critère de pauvreté monétaire permet d’obtenir . des résultats plus satisfaisants que ceux obtenus par l’approche de l’Union européenne, tant sur le plan de la cohérence que sur celui du profil de la population ainsi identifiée.

Suggested Citation

  • Bertrand Maître & Brian Nolan & Christopher T. Whelan, 2014. "L'indicateur EU2020 de suivi de la pauvreté et de l'exclusion : une analyse critique," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 469(1), pages 147-167.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_2014_num_469_1_10420
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.2014.10420
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.2014.10420
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Whelan, Christopher T. & Maître, Bertrand, 2009. "Europeanisation of Reference Groups?," Papers RB2009/3/2, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    2. Nolan, Brian & Whelan, Christopher T., 2011. "Poverty and Deprivation in Europe," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199588435.
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    1. Christopher T. Whelan & Brian Nolan & Bertrand Maitre, 2017. "Polarization or “Squeezed Middle” in the Great Recession?: A Comparative European Analysis of the Distribution of Economic Stress," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 133(1), pages 163-184, August.
    2. Dorothy Watson & Christopher T. Whelan & Bertrand Maître & James Williams, 2017. "Non-Monetary Indicators and Multiple Dimensions: The ESRI Approach to Poverty Measurement," The Economic and Social Review, Economic and Social Studies, vol. 48(4), pages 369-392.

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