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UEM et localisation des activités en Europe

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  • Philippe Cunéo
  • Fabrice Hatem

Abstract

[eng] EMU and the Location of Activities in Europe . Ever since the 1 960s, the formation of an integrated economic area has been manifest in a sharp increase in intra-Community trade. The 1980s were marked by a trend towards internationalization with agreements, alliances and direct investments abroad. The increased mobility of capital in anticipation of the completion of the Single European Market contrasts with the maintenance of a relative compartmentalization of labour markets. . Each country needs to make itself attractive to investors - especially foreign investors. Although France still has some handicaps, it has many advantages in the form of production costs, size and its central position in Europe. This is why direct investments from abroad topped 80 billion French francs in 1992. A number of statistical scenarios for the year 2010 show that France could play its game well even if European growth were to remain fairly slow. [spa] UEM y localizaciôn de las actividades en Europa . Desde los anos sesenta, la formaciôn de un espacio econômico integrado se iba traduciendo por una fuerte progresiôn del comercio intracomunitario. Luego, los anos ochenta se senalaron por un movimiento de intemacionalizaciôn (convenios, alianzas, inversiones directas en el extranjero). La creciente movilidad del capital, al anticipar la instauraciôn del Mercado ûnico, contrasta con el mantenimiento de cierta impermeabilidad de los mercados laborales. . Cada pais deberâ presentar cierto atractivo para los inversores, ante todo los extranjeros. Aunque permanezean ciertas desventajas, son numerosas las bazas francesas (costes productivos, tamarïo y posiciôn céntrica en Europa). Las entradas de inversiones directas extraderas superaron los 80 billones de francos en 1992. Varios guiones en cifras para el horizonte 2010 manifiestan que Francia puede salir adelante, hasta en el caso de que permaneciera poco elevado el crecimiento. [fre] UEM et localisation des activités en Europe . Depuis les années soixante, la formation d'un espace économique intégré s'est traduite par une forte progression du commerce intra-communautaire. Puis les années quatre-vingt ont été marquées par un mouvement d'internationalisation des firmes (accords, alliances, investissements directs à l'étranger). La mobilité accrue du capital, anticipant la mise en place du Marché unique, contraste avec le maintien d'un relatif cloisonnement des marchés du travail. . Chaque pays devra donc être attractif pour les investisseurs, notamment étrangers. Même si des handicaps subsistent, les atouts français sont nombreux (coûts de production, taille et position centrale en Europe). Ainsi, les entrées d'investissements directs de l'étranger ont dépassé 80 milliards de francs en 1992. Plusieurs scénarios chiffrés à l'horizon 201 0 montrent ainsi que la France peut tirer son épingle du jeu, même dans le cas où la croissance européenne resterait peu soutenue. [ger] WWU und Standortwahl in Europa . Seit den sechziger Jahren fùhrt die Errichtung eines integrierten Wirtschaftsraumes zu einer betràchtlichen Steigerung des innergemeinschaftlichen Handels. Die achtziger Jahre waren auBerdem durch eine Internationalisierungsbewegung gekennzeichnet, die ihren Niederschlag in Abkommen, Allianzen und Direktinvestitionen im Ausland fand. Die Zunahme des Kapitalverkehrs im Vorfeld des Binnenmarktes steht allerdings im Gegensatz zu der fortbestehenden relativen Abschottung der Arbeitsmàrkte. . Somit muB jedes Land fur die Investoren, insbesondere die auslàndischen, attraktiv sein. Trotz Fortbestehens einiger Nachteile verfûgt Frankreich ùber zahlreiche Trumpfe: Produktionskosten, GrôBe und zentrale Lage in Europa. Im Jahre 1992 haben die auslàndischen Direktinvestitionen die 80-Milliarden-Franc-Marke ùberschritten. Aus mehreren bezifferten Szenarios, die fur den Zeitraum bis 2010 erstellt wurden, geht hervor, daB sich Frankreich selbst bei schwachem europàischem Wachstum nicht schlecht aus der Affâre ziehen wird.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Cunéo & Fabrice Hatem, 1993. "UEM et localisation des activités en Europe," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 262(1), pages 123-134.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1993_num_262_1_5729
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1993.5729
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1993.5729
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