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Le rôle des villes dans les migrations d'actifs

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  • Jean-Pierre Puig

Abstract

[fre] Le rôle des villes dans les migrations d'actifs - Près de deux millions d'actifs — 9 % de la population active — ont changé de région entre 1968 et 1975. Depuis 1954, les échanges migratoires de main-d'œuvre se sont progressivement rééquilibrés au profit de la province. La présence ou l'absence d'une grande métropole dans une région semble jouer un rôle déterminant dans la mobilité interrégionale. A quelques nuances près, le schéma est le suivant : présence d'une grande métropole et plus généralement forte densité du tissu urbain vont de pair avec faible mobilité d'actifs. L'influence particulière de Paris est également examinée. La zone d'attraction de la capitale ressort comme composée des départements situés dans les deux tiers les plus à l'ouest du pays. Parmi les branches qui bénéficient le plus des migrations de main-d'œuvre, il faut distinguer le tertiaire, et plus particulièrement le tertiaire « d'État » : administrations, armée, transports et télécommunications. Enfin, si l'on peut établir certains liens entre caractéristiques locales du marché du travail et mobilité interrégionale des actifs de moins de trente ans, il n'en va pas de même pour leurs aînés. [spa] Papel desempenado por las cuidades en las migraciones de activos - Alrededor de dos millones de activos — el 9 % de la población activa — mudaron de region entre 1968 y 1975. Desde 1954, los intercambios migratorios de fuerza laboral se fueron reequilibrando progresivamente en beneficio de provincias. La presencia o carencia de una gran metropoli en una region desempena, al parecer, un papel determinante en la movilidad intraregional. Mas o menos, el esquema es el siguiente : presencia de una gran metrópoli y por lo general fuerte densidad del tejido urbano corren parejas con una movilidad floja de activos. Se examina también la peculiar influencia de Paris. El atractivo de la capital sobresale como compuesta por los municipios (départements) ubicados en los dos tercios mis al Oeste del país. Entre las ramas que más beneficio sacan de las migraciones de fuerza laboral, cabe destacar el terciario y, especialmente, el terciario « estatal » : administraciones, ejercito, transportes y telecomunicaciones. Finalmente, si es factible discernir algunos vínculos entre características locales del mercado laboral y movilidad intraregional de los activos que no pasan de los treinta aiïos, no sucede lo mismo con relación a mayores. [eng] The Role of Cities in the Migrations of the Working Population - Nearly two million workers — 9 % of the labor force — moved to a different region between 1968 and 1975. Since 1954, shifts in the working population due to migration have gradually reached a balance which is favorable to regional France. The presence or the lack of a major city in a region seems to be a key factor effecting mobility between regions. With a few minor reservations, the pattern is as follows : the presence of a large city and a high density of urban population mean a low mobility of the work force. The special influence of Paris was also examined. The regions with the greatest migration to the capital are shown to be the departments located in the western two-thirds of the country. The tertiary sector is the most greatly effected by these migrations of the work force, especially the « state » tertiary sector — government administration, the army, public transportation, and the public telephone. Finally, while it is possible to show certain links between the local characteristics of the labor market and interregional mobility of the labor force for those under thirty, this is not possible for over-thirty age groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pierre Puig, 1981. "Le rôle des villes dans les migrations d'actifs," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 133(1), pages 57-75.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1981_num_133_1_4492
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1981.4492
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1981.4492
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    1. repec:cai:popine:popu_p1970_25n6_1182 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Guy Desplanques, 1979. "La ville ou la campagne ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 107(1), pages 17-29.
    3. Jean-Claude Deville, 1979. "Près d'un Français sur dix a changé de région," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 107(1), pages 5-16.
    4. Greenwood, Michael J, 1975. "Research on Internal Migration in the United States: A Survey," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 13(2), pages 397-433, June.
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    1. Gabriel Francart, 1983. "Le rééquilibrage démographique de la France," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 153(1), pages 35-46.
    2. Monique Meron, 1988. "Les migrations des salariés de l'état : plus loin de Paris, plus près du soleil," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 214(1), pages 3-18.
    3. Jean-Michel Durr & Michel de Saboulin, 1985. "L'âge des Français : contrastes régionaux et opposition ville-campagne," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 173(1), pages 25-32.
    4. Chantal Cueugniet & François Madinier, 1981. "La Saône-et-Loire à la loupe : l'inventaire communal à l'oeuvre," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 137(1), pages 57-79.

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