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Fermetures d'usines et durées du chômage : signaux et comportements de recherche d'emploi au Canada

Author

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  • David M. Gray
  • Pierre Grenier

Abstract

[ger] Werksschließung und Arbeitslosigkeitsdauer: Signale und Verhaltensweisen bei der Arbeitssuche in Kanada, . von David M. Gray, Pierre Grenier.. . Der Fachliteratur zufolge ist die Dauer der Beschäftigungslosigkeit von Arbeitnehmern, die nach dem Verlust ihrer Stelle infolge einer Werksschließung einen Ortswechsel vorgenommen haben, kürzer als bei denen, die aufgrund von Entlassungen arbeitslos geworden sind, von denen nur ein Teil der Arbeitnehmer eines Werkes betroffen ist. Dieser Effekt käme über die "recall anticipations" und die Intensität der Arbeitssuche durch den Arbeitnehmer zum Tragen. Dagegen behauptet eine andere Interpretation jüngeren Datums, daß die beobachtete Korrelation eine Signalwirkung aufnimmt; und zwar würde eine negative Information über die nicht beobachtete Produktivität eines Arbeitnehmers ausgesandt, wenn dieser entlassen wird. Wir überprüfen die Stichhaltigkeit dieser beiden Hypothesen, indem wir die kanadische Erhebung bei den umgezogenen Arbeitnehmern auswerten, die Angaben enthält, mit denen sich diese beiden Effekte bewerten lassen. Die Ergebnisse legen die Vermutung nahe, daß in Kanada der Effekt der "recall anticipations" über die Signalwirkung dominiert. [spa] Cierres de fáricas y duraciones de paro : señales y comportamientos de búsqueda de empleo en Canadá, . por David M. Gray, Pierre Grenier.. . Los trabajadores desplazados que han perdido sus puestos tras un cierre de fábrica conocerían según la literatura, períodos sin empleo más cortos que aquellos que los han perdido tras despidos que no afectan más que a una parte de los trabajadores de una fábrica. Este efecto operaría por la via de las anticipaciones de llamada y de la intensidad de la búsqueda por parte del trabajador. No obstante, según otra interpretación, reciente, la correlación observada capta un efecto de señal : se emite información negativa sobre la productividad no observada de un trabajador cuando éste es depedido. Ponemos a prueba la validez de estas dos hipótesis sacando partido de la Encuesta canadiense ante los trabajadores desplazados, que contiene informaciones capaces de distinguir los dos efectos. Los resultados sugieren que en Canadá el efecto de las anticipaciones de llamada domina el efecto de señal. [fre] Fermetures d'usines et durées du chômage : signaux et comportements de recherche d'emploi au Canada, . par David M. Gray, Pierre Grenier.. . Les travailleurs déplacés qui ont perdu leur poste suite à une fermeture d'usine connaîtraient, selon la littérature, des périodes sans emploi plus courtes que ceux qui l'ont perdu suite à des licenciements qui n'affectent qu'une partie des travailleurs d'une usine. Cet effet opérerait par la voie des anticipations de rappel et celle de l'intensité de la recherche de la part du travailleur. Cependant une autre interprétation, récente, soutient que la corrélation observée capte un effet de signal : de l'information négative sur la productivité non observée d'un travailleur est émise lorsque celui-ci est licencié. Nous testons la validité de ces deux hypothèses en exploitant l'Enquête canadienne auprès des travailleurs déplacés, qui contient des renseignements susceptibles de départager les deux effets. Les résultats suggèrent qu'au Canada l'effet des anticipations de rappel domine d'effet de signal. [eng] Factory Closures and Lengths of Unemployment: Job-Seeking Signals and Job-Seeking Behaviour in Canada, . by David M. Gray and Pierre Grenier.. . The literature suggests that displaced workers who have lost their job due to a factory closure experience shorter periods of unemployment that those who have lost their job due to redundancies affecting only part of a factory's workers. This effect is said to come about through recall anticipations and the intensity of the worker's search for a new job. However, another recent interpretation upholds that the observed correlation picks up a signal effect: negative information on the unobserved productivity of a worker is relayed when the worker is made redundant. The article tests the validity of these two hypotheses using the Enquête canadienne auprès des travailleurs déplacés (the Canadian Survey of Displaced Workers), which contains information apt to separate out the two effects. The results suggest that, in Canada, the effect of recall anticipations dominates the signal effect.

Suggested Citation

  • David M. Gray & Pierre Grenier, 1994. "Fermetures d'usines et durées du chômage : signaux et comportements de recherche d'emploi au Canada," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 113(2), pages 207-217.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1994_num_113_2_5677
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1994.5677
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1994.5677
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    References listed on IDEAS

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