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Digital technology adoption scale in the blended learning context in higher education: Development, validation and testing of a specific tool

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  • Iuliana Mihaela Lazar
  • Georgeta Panisoara
  • Ion Ovidiu Panisoara

Abstract

The main aim of the present study was to develop, validate and test an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) that contributes to the overall understanding of students' intention to use digital tools in a blended learning context of higher education. The external bidimensional factor of familiarity with digital tools, which is not usually explained by the TAM, was included, and evaluated. Following a four-stage scale development technique, a seven-dimensional 25-item survey was developed, which includes two external correlated variables: familiarity with high-tech digital tools and familiarity with traditional digital tools, two mediator variables—computer anxiety, and perceived barriers, and three response variables, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and intention to use. The initial version of the survey was administered on 250 undergraduate students. Next, for another sample of 206 students, latent dimensions of the survey were tested using exploratory factor analysis. The structure of the survey was validated in two other subsequent stages with one sample of 262 responses of undergraduates and one of 310 responses of master's students from two different universities. All students who agreed to participate in research attended blended learning. The validity, reliability and invariance of the instrument were established by psychometric analyses. Collected data indicated that the survey has an adequate multifactorial structure that is reliable and invariant across degree levels. The scale is recommended for use in higher education studies targeting the promotion of blended learning and reduction of negative attitudes of learners toward digital instruments, supporting university professors to select their own efficient way to teach.

Suggested Citation

  • Iuliana Mihaela Lazar & Georgeta Panisoara & Ion Ovidiu Panisoara, 2020. "Digital technology adoption scale in the blended learning context in higher education: Development, validation and testing of a specific tool," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(7), pages 1-27, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0235957
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235957
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    1. Quadri Noorulhasan Naveed & Heena Choudhary & Naim Ahmad & Jarallah Alqahtani & Adel Ibrahim Qahmash, 2023. "Mobile Learning in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-22, September.
    2. Ion Ovidiu Panisoara & Iulia Lazar & Georgeta Panisoara & Ruxandra Chirca & Anca Simona Ursu, 2020. "Motivation and Continuance Intention towards Online Instruction among Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Effect of Burnout and Technostress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-28, October.
    3. Fang Wang & Tommy Tanu Wijaya & Akhmad Habibi & Yixuan Liu, 2022. "Predictors Influencing Urban and Rural Area students to Use Tablet Computers as Learning Tools: Combination of UTAUT and TTF Models," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-22, October.
    4. Yanhua Yang, 2023. "Impact of Organizational Support on Students’ Information and Communication Technology Self-Efficacy, Engagement, and Satisfaction in a Blended Learning Environment: An Empirical Study," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
    5. Teng Yu & Jian Dai & Chengliang Wang, 2023. "Adoption of blended learning: Chinese university students’ perspectives," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-16, December.
    6. Adriana Malureanu & Georgeta Panisoara & Iulia Lazar, 2021. "The Relationship between Self-Confidence, Self-Efficacy, Grit, Usefulness, and Ease of Use of eLearning Platforms in Corporate Training during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-20, June.
    7. Karla Soria-Barreto & Sofia Ruiz-Campo & Ahmad Samed Al-Adwan & Sergio Zuniga-Jara, 2021. "University Students Intention to Continue Using Online Learning Tools and Technologies: An International Comparison," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-23, December.

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