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Burnout Subtypes and Absence of Self-Compassion in Primary Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study

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  • Jesus Montero-Marin
  • Fernando Zubiaga
  • Maria Cereceda
  • Marcelo Marcos Piva Demarzo
  • Patricia Trenc
  • Javier Garcia-Campayo

Abstract

Background: Primary healthcare professionals report high levels of distress and burnout. A new model of burnout has been developed to differentiate three clinical subtypes: ‘frenetic’, ‘underchallenged’ and ‘worn-out’. The aim of this study was to confirm the validity and reliability of the burnout subtype model in Spanish primary healthcare professionals, and to assess the explanatory power of the self-compassion construct as a possible protective factor. Method: The study employed a cross-sectional design. A sample of n = 440 Spanish primary healthcare professionals (214 general practitioners, 184 nurses, 42 medical residents) completed the Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire (BCSQ-36), the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS), the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The factor structure of the BCSQ-36 was estimated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) by the unweighted least squares method from polychoric correlations. Internal consistency (R) was assessed by squaring the correlation between the latent true variable and the observed variables. The relationships between the BCSQ-36 and the other constructs were analysed using Spearman’s r and multiple linear regression models. Results: The structure of the BCSQ-36 fit the data well, with adequate CFA indices for all the burnout subtypes. Reliability was adequate for all the scales and sub-scales (R≥0.75). Self-judgement was the self-compassion factor that explained the frenetic subtype (Beta = 0.36; p

Suggested Citation

  • Jesus Montero-Marin & Fernando Zubiaga & Maria Cereceda & Marcelo Marcos Piva Demarzo & Patricia Trenc & Javier Garcia-Campayo, 2016. "Burnout Subtypes and Absence of Self-Compassion in Primary Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0157499
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157499
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jesus Montero-Marin & Javier Prado-Abril & Marcelo Marcos Piva Demarzo & Santiago Gascon & Javier García-Campayo, 2014. "Coping with Stress and Types of Burnout: Explanatory Power of Different Coping Strategies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(2), pages 1-9, February.
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    1. Agnieszka Młynarska & Magdalena Bronder & Ewelina Kolarczyk & Stanisław Manulik & Rafał Młynarski, 2022. "Determinants of Sleep Disorders and Occupational Burnout among Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-15, May.
    2. Tatiana Berta-Otero & Alberto Barceló-Soler & Jesus Montero-Marin & Shannon Maloney & Adrián Pérez-Aranda & Alba López-Montoyo & Vera Salvo & Marcio Sussumu & Javier García-Campayo & Marcelo Demarzo, 2022. "Experiential Avoidance in Primary Care Providers: Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian “Acceptance and Action Questionnaire” (AAQ-II) and Its Criterion Validity on Mood Disorder-Related Psychologi," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Madiha Rana & Erik Riedel & Franziska Czens & Hendric Petersohn & Henriette L. Moellmann & Lara Schorn & Majeed Rana, 2022. "When Do Narcissists Burn Out? The Bright and Dark Side of Narcissism in Surgeons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-14, November.
    4. Marcelo Demarzo & Javier García-Campayo & David Martínez-Rubio & Adrián Pérez-Aranda & Joao Luiz Miraglia & Marcio Sussumu Hirayama & Vera Morais Antonio de Salvo & Karen Cicuto & Maria Lucia Favarato, 2020. "Frenetic, under-Challenged, and Worn-out Burnout Subtypes among Brazilian Primary Care Personnel: Validation of the Brazilian “Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire” (BCSQ-36/BCSQ-12)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-24, February.

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