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Experiential Avoidance in Primary Care Providers: Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian “Acceptance and Action Questionnaire” (AAQ-II) and Its Criterion Validity on Mood Disorder-Related Psychological Distress

Author

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  • Tatiana Berta-Otero

    (Centro Mente Aberta (Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion), Department of Preventive Medicine, UNIFESP, São Paulo 04753-060, Brazil
    These authors contributed equally and can be considered as first authors.)

  • Alberto Barceló-Soler

    (Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    These authors contributed equally and can be considered as first authors.)

  • Jesus Montero-Marin

    (Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
    Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
    Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Shannon Maloney

    (Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK)

  • Adrián Pérez-Aranda

    (Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Alba López-Montoyo

    (Department of Basic, Clinical Psychology, and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, 12006 Castellón de la Plana, Spain)

  • Vera Salvo

    (Centro Mente Aberta (Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion), Department of Preventive Medicine, UNIFESP, São Paulo 04753-060, Brazil)

  • Marcio Sussumu

    (Centro Mente Aberta (Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion), Department of Preventive Medicine, UNIFESP, São Paulo 04753-060, Brazil)

  • Javier García-Campayo

    (Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Psychiatric Service, Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Marcelo Demarzo

    (Centro Mente Aberta (Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion), Department of Preventive Medicine, UNIFESP, São Paulo 04753-060, Brazil)

Abstract

Background: A sizeable proportion of Brazilian Primary Care (PC) providers suffer from common mental disorders, such as anxiety and depression. In an effort to cope with job-related distress, PC workers are likely to implement maladaptive strategies such as experiential avoidance (EA). The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II) is a widely used instrument that evaluates EA but has shown questionable internal consistency in specific populations. This study assesses the psychometric properties of the AAQ-II among Brazilian PC providers, evaluates its convergence and divergence with self-criticism and mindfulness skills, and explores its criterion validity on anxiety and depressive symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted in Brazilian PC services, and the sample included 407 PC workers. The measures evaluated EA, self-criticism, mindfulness, depression, and anxiety. Results: The one-factor model of the AAQ-II replicated the original version structure. The AAQ-II presented good internal consistency among Brazilian PC providers. A multiple regression model demonstrated higher relationships with self-criticism than mindfulness skills. The criterion validity of the AAQ-II on anxiety and depression was stronger in the context of more severe symptoms. Conclusions: The AAQ-II is an appropriate questionnaire to measure the lack of psychological flexibility among Brazilian PC workers in the sense of EA.

Suggested Citation

  • Tatiana Berta-Otero & Alberto Barceló-Soler & Jesus Montero-Marin & Shannon Maloney & Adrián Pérez-Aranda & Alba López-Montoyo & Vera Salvo & Marcio Sussumu & Javier García-Campayo & Marcelo Demarzo, 2022. "Experiential Avoidance in Primary Care Providers: Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian “Acceptance and Action Questionnaire” (AAQ-II) and Its Criterion Validity on Mood Disorder-Related Psychologi," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:225-:d:1012946
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wei-Po Chou & Cheng-Fang Yen & Tai-Ling Liu, 2018. "Predicting Effects of Psychological Inflexibility/Experiential Avoidance and Stress Coping Strategies for Internet Addiction, Significant Depression, and Suicidality in College Students: A Prospective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-11, April.
    2. Jesus Montero-Marin & Fernando Zubiaga & Maria Cereceda & Marcelo Marcos Piva Demarzo & Patricia Trenc & Javier Garcia-Campayo, 2016. "Burnout Subtypes and Absence of Self-Compassion in Primary Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-17, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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