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A Systematic Review on Health Resilience to Economic Crises

Author

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  • Ketevan Glonti
  • Vladimir S Gordeev
  • Yevgeniy Goryakin
  • Aaron Reeves
  • David Stuckler
  • Martin McKee
  • Bayard Roberts

Abstract

Background: The health effects of recent economic crises differ markedly by population group. The objective of this systematic review is to examine evidence from longitudinal studies on factors influencing resilience for any health outcome or health behaviour among the general population living in countries exposed to financial crises. Methods: We systematically reviewed studies from six electronic databases (EMBASE, Global Health, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science) which used quantitative longitudinal study designs and included: (i) exposure to an economic crisis; (ii) changes in health outcomes/behaviours over time; (iii) statistical tests of associations of health risk and/or protective factors with health outcomes/behaviours. The quality of the selected studies was appraised using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. PRISMA reporting guidelines were followed. Results: From 14,584 retrieved records, 22 studies met the eligibility criteria. These studies were conducted across 10 countries in Asia, Europe and North America over the past two decades. Ten socio-demographic factors that increased or protected against health risk were identified: gender, age, education, marital status, household size, employment/occupation, income/ financial constraints, personal beliefs, health status, area of residence, and social relations. These studies addressed physical health, mortality, suicide and suicide attempts, mental health, and health behaviours. Women’s mental health appeared more susceptible to crises than men’s. Lower income levels were associated with greater increases in cardiovascular disease, mortality and worse mental health. Employment status was associated with changes in mental health. Associations with age, marital status, and education were less consistent, although higher education was associated with healthier behaviours. Conclusions: Despite widespread rhetoric about the importance of resilience, there was a dearth of studies which operationalised resilience factors. Future conceptual and empirical research is needed to develop the epidemiology of resilience.

Suggested Citation

  • Ketevan Glonti & Vladimir S Gordeev & Yevgeniy Goryakin & Aaron Reeves & David Stuckler & Martin McKee & Bayard Roberts, 2015. "A Systematic Review on Health Resilience to Economic Crises," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(4), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0123117
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123117
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    11. Curtis, Sarah & Pearce, Jamie & Cherrie, Mark & Dibben, Christopher & Cunningham, Niall & Bambra, Clare, 2019. "Changing labour market conditions during the ‘great recession’ and mental health in Scotland 2007–2011: an example using the Scottish Longitudinal Study and data for local areas in Scotland," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 1-9.
    12. Amoneeta Beckstein & Marie Chollier & Sangeeta Kaur & Ananta Raj Ghimire, 2022. "Mental Wellbeing and Boosting Resilience to Mitigate the Adverse Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Critical Narrative Review," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, May.
    13. Apostolos Kamekis & George Rachiotis & Adelais Markaki & Vasiliki Samara & Emmanouil K. Symvoulakis, 2021. "Employment and suicidal rates during economic recession: A country-targeted integrative review," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 67(6), pages 801-815, September.
    14. Panagiotis Volkos & Emmanouil K Symvoulakis, 2021. "Impact of financial crisis on mental health: A literature review ‘puzzling’ findings from several countries," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 67(7), pages 907-919, November.
    15. Fabrizio Starace & Francesco Mungai & Elena Sarti & Tindara Addabbo, 2017. "Self-reported unemployment status and recession: An analysis on the Italian population with and without mental health problems," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(4), pages 1-13, April.
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