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Effects of an Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) Program in Manga Format on Improving Subthreshold Depressive Symptoms among Healthy Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Listed:
  • Kotaro Imamura
  • Norito Kawakami
  • Toshi A Furukawa
  • Yutaka Matsuyama
  • Akihito Shimazu
  • Rino Umanodan
  • Sonoko Kawakami
  • Kiyoto Kasai

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a new Internet-based computerized cognitive behavior therapy (iCBT) program in Manga format, the Japanese cartoon, for workers and to examine the effects of the iCBT program on improving subthreshold depression using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design among workers employed in private companies in Japan. Method: All workers in a company (n = 290) and all workers in three departments (n = 1,500) at the headquarters of another large company were recruited by an invitation e-mail. Participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to intervention or control groups (N = 381 for each group). A six-week, six-lesson iCBT program using Manga (Japanese comic) story was developed. The program included several CBT skills: self-monitoring, cognitive restructuring, assertiveness, problem solving, and relaxation. The intervention group studied the iCBT program at a frequency of one lesson per week. Depression (Beck Depression Inventory II; BDI-II) was assessed as a primary outcome at baseline, and three- and six-month follow-ups for both intervention and control groups were performed. Results: The iCBT program showed a significant intervention effect on BDI-II (t = −1.99, p

Suggested Citation

  • Kotaro Imamura & Norito Kawakami & Toshi A Furukawa & Yutaka Matsuyama & Akihito Shimazu & Rino Umanodan & Sonoko Kawakami & Kiyoto Kasai, 2014. "Effects of an Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) Program in Manga Format on Improving Subthreshold Depressive Symptoms among Healthy Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(5), pages 1-13, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0097167
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097167
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Janus Christian Jakobsen & Jane Lindschou Hansen & Ole Jakob Storebø & Erik Simonsen & Christian Gluud, 2011. "The Effects of Cognitive Therapy versus ‘No Intervention’ for Major Depressive Disorder," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(12), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Gavin Andrews & Pim Cuijpers & Michelle G Craske & Peter McEvoy & Nickolai Titov, 2010. "Computer Therapy for the Anxiety and Depressive Disorders Is Effective, Acceptable and Practical Health Care: A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(10), pages 1-6, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rebecca W. M. Lau & W. H. Mak, 2017. "Effectiveness of Workplace Interventions for Depression in Asia: A Meta-Analysis," SAGE Open, , vol. 7(2), pages 21582440177, June.
    2. Elizabeth Stratton & Amit Lampit & Isabella Choi & Rafael A Calvo & Samuel B Harvey & Nicholas Glozier, 2017. "Effectiveness of eHealth interventions for reducing mental health conditions in employees: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(12), pages 1-23, December.

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